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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As of April 16&#44; 2021&#44; the number of COVID-19 cases caused by SARS-CoV-2 &#40;severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2&#41; in Spain was 3&#44;407&#44;283&#46; Of them&#44; 340&#44;130 &#40;9&#46;98&#37;&#41; required hospital admission and 31&#44;054 &#40;0&#46;91&#37;&#41; were admitted to intensive care units &#40;ICU&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The clinical spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 infection varies from mild symptoms of fever and cough followed by expectoration and fatigue to severe symptoms in critical patients&#44; including sepsis&#44; coagulopathy&#44; respiratory failure&#44; and onset of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cumulative mortality in Spain as of April 16&#44; 2021 was 76&#44;981 &#40;2&#46;25&#37;&#41; patients&#44; but among patients admitted to the ICU&#44; mortality was 31&#37;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46; Various studies concur that the risk factors associated with mortality include advanced age&#44; presence of kidney failure&#44; low oxygen saturation levels&#44; and high C-reactive protein values<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Early identification of patients who are going to need critical care may be important for providing more appropriate treatment and optimizing available resources&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The purpose of this study is to use an extensive national registry of patients with COVID-19 in order to develop a risk scale for ICU admission applicable to patients who have just been admitted to the hospital&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Data source</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The data source was the SEMI-COVID-19 registry&#44; an ongoing retrospective cohort that includes the majority of patients who were discharged or died following hospitalization for confirmed COVID-19 in 150 Spanish hospitals from March 1&#44; 2020 until September 1&#44; 2020<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; The sample comprised 16&#44;298 patients&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Outcomes</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The outcome evaluated was admission to the ICU&#44; measured from the time of admission to the hospital&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Predictor variables</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To develop the prediction rule&#44; we used variables that were routinely available at the time of hospital admission and which have been associated with ICU admission in other studies&#46; These variables included&#58; &#40;1&#41; demographics&#44; age&#44; and sex&#59; &#40;2&#41; comorbidities and Charlson Comorbidity Index&#59; &#40;3&#41; signs or symptoms&#44; including dyspnea&#44; confusion&#44; hemoptysis&#59; &#40;4&#41; laboratory data&#44; oxygen saturation in ambient air&#44; LDH levels&#44; the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio&#44; and C-reactive protein levels&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Derivation model</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the derivation model&#44; we randomly selected two-thirds &#40;n &#61; 10&#44;865&#41; of the sample&#46; To create the derivation model&#44; we conducted a multiple logistic regression analysis with ICU admission as the primary outcome and the previously described clinical parameters as predictor variables&#46; Using the &#946; coefficients&#44; we created a scoring system that divided patients into different risk categories&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Validation model</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The validation model was created using the remaining one-third &#40;n &#61; 5433&#41; of the sample&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We followed the recommendations of the TRIPOD guidelines in developing the multivariate analysis model<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#46; Continuous variables are expressed as means and standard deviations&#46; Categorical variables are expressed as frequencies and percentages&#46; The chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables and Student&#39;s <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test was used to compare continuous variables between groups&#46; Values of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#60; &#46;05 were considered statistically significant&#46; A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted in the derivation sample to estimate probability of ICU admission&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To build the derivation model&#44; variables with a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value lower than &#46;10 on the univariate model were selected&#46; The odds ratio &#40;OR&#41; and 95&#37; confidence intervals &#40;95&#37; CI&#41; were estimated based on the regression coefficients&#46; Various regression models were built and the one that was simplest and most explicative based on the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was selected for application to the validation cohort&#46; Nagelkerke&#8217;s R<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> was used to estimate the proportion of variation explained by the model&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The model&#8217;s final performance was evaluated by means of the receiver operating characteristic &#40;ROC&#41; curve and calculation of the area under the ROC curve&#46; Finally&#44; based on the &#946; coefficients&#44; we created a scoring system for establishing different risk levels for ICU admission&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The statistical analysis was conducted using the free R software&#44; version 4&#46;0&#46;2 &#40;Free Software Foundation&#44; Inc&#46; Boston&#44; MA&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Ethical considerations</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Personal data were processed pursuant to Law 14&#47;2007&#44; of July 3&#44; on Biomedical Research&#59; Regulation &#40;EU&#41; 2016&#47;679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016&#44; General Data Protection Regulation&#59; and Organic Law 3&#47;2018&#44; of December 5&#44; on Personal Data Protection and Guarantee of Digital Rights&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The SEMI-COVID-19 Registry was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Province of M&#225;laga&#46; The Department of Medicines for Human Use of the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Health Products &#40;AEMPS&#44; for its initials in Spanish&#41;&#44; in accordance with the applicable precepts&#44; has designated the study to be a &#8220;non-post-authorization observational study&#46;&#8221;</p></span></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Results</span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Characteristics of patients admitted to the ICU</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 1420 &#40;8&#46;7&#37;&#41; patients were admitted to the ICU &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; Patients who were admitted to the ICU were younger &#40;mean age 63&#46;3 &#177; 12&#46;3 years&#41; than those who were admitted to conventional hospitalization wards &#40;67&#46;7 &#177; 16&#46;4 years&#41; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#60; &#46;001&#41;&#46; Male sex was associated with greater risk of ICU admission &#40;69&#46;5&#37; vs&#46; 56&#46;3&#37;&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> &#60; &#46;001&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There were comorbidities that were associated with greater risk of ICU admission&#44; including obesity&#44; among others&#44; whereas others were associated with a lower frequency of ICU admission&#44; such as chronic kidney disease&#44; COPD&#44; or chronic heart failure&#46; Smoking was a risk factor for ICU admission&#46; A greater proportion of patients who were admitted to the ICU presented with dyspnea at the time of admission &#40;75&#46;4&#37; vs&#46; 56&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#60; &#46;001&#41; as well as a lower rate of altered consciousness &#40;8&#46;4&#37; vs&#46; 12&#46;2&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#60; &#46;001&#41;&#44; a greater frequency of presence of diffuse infiltrates on a chest x-ray on admission than patients who were admitted to the ICU &#40;43&#37; vs&#46; 29&#46;3&#37; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#60; &#46;001&#41;&#44; and lower oxygen saturation levels &#40;SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#41; than patients admitted to conventional hospitalization wards &#40;89&#37; vs&#46; 93&#46;3&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#60; &#46;001&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Regarding laboratory variables&#44; patients hospitalized in the ICU had a greater neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio &#40;9&#46;7&#37; vs&#46; 7&#46;0&#37;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#60; &#46;001&#41; and higher <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">d</span>-dimer &#40;2&#44;969&#46;8 vs&#46; 1&#44;906&#46;6 ng&#47;mL&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#61; &#46;004&#41;&#44; glucose &#40;138&#46;6 vs&#46; 127&#46;5 mg&#47;dL&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#60; &#46;001&#41;&#44; alanine aminotransferase &#40;ALT&#41; &#40;49&#46;7 vs&#46; 40&#46;5 U&#47;L&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#60; &#46;001&#41;&#44; lactate dehydrogenase &#40;501&#46;5 vs&#46; 359&#46;5 U&#47;L&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#60; &#46;001&#41;&#44; and C-reactive protein &#40;130&#46;7 vs&#46; 84&#46;5 mg&#47;dL&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#60; &#46;001&#41; values than patients hospitalized in conventional hospitalization wards&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 568 &#40;40&#37;&#41; of patients admitted to the ICU died whereas those among those admitted to conventional hospitalization wards&#44; there were 2851 &#40;19&#46;2&#37;&#41; deaths&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Predictive model</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To create the predictive model&#44; we randomly divided the sample into two parts&#58; two-thirds were the derivation cohort and the remaining one-third was the validation cohort&#46; The characteristics of patients in both cohorts are described in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the derivation cohort&#44; variables that had a greater association with ICU admission on the univariate analysis were age younger than 75 years&#44; a lower Charlson Comorbidity Index&#44; presence of dyspnea or tachypnea&#44; a neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio greater than five&#44; lactate dehydrogenase values greater than 250 U&#47;L&#44; urea values greater than 40 mg&#47;dL&#44; and presence of diffuse infiltrates on the chest x-ray&#46; The presence of cancer &#40;solid tumor&#44; metastases&#44; hematologic tumor&#41; and altered levels of consciousness were factors that reduced the risk of ICU admission &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">According to the multivariate analysis&#44; the variables of age&#44; presence of dyspnea&#44; Charlson Comorbidity Index score&#44; neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio&#44; lactate dehydrogenase values&#44; and chest x-ray data on admission remained in the model &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value for goodness of fit for the multivariate model&#44; calculated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic&#44; was 0&#46;154&#44; indicating a good fit&#46; Nagelkerke&#39;s R<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> value showing the model&#39;s explanatory value was 0&#46;196&#46; The evaluation of the predictive model&#8217;s performance showed an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve &#40;AUROC&#41; of 0&#46;780 &#40;95&#37; CI 0&#46;763&#8722;0&#46;797&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; For a probability of ICU admission of 0&#46;102 &#40;cut-off point&#41;&#44; the model showed a sensitivity of 67&#46;8&#37; and a specificity of 74&#46;6&#37; in the derivation sample&#46; In the validation cohort&#44; the AUROC was 0&#46;734 and the model showed a sensitivity of 62&#46;1&#37; and a specificity of 72&#37;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Building the scoring system</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We built a scoring system based on the &#946; coefficients estimated in the logistic regression model &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>&#41;&#46; The total individual score &#40;range from 0 to 100 points&#41; was obtained by adding the points of each patient characteristic&#46; This scoring system allows for estimating probability of ICU admission &#40;positive predictive value&#41; with the data obtained at the time of admission&#46; For scores greater than 75 points&#44; the probability of ICU admission is greater than 30&#37; and for scores lower than 50 points&#44; the probability of ICU admission is less than 15&#37; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Discussion</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We developed and validated a clinical prediction model to identify patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who will require ICU admission&#46; The predictive model&#8217;s performance showed an AUC of 0&#46;780 for a probability of ICU admission of 0&#46;102&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Risk of ICU admission increased progressively according to the number of independent variables&#44; which included age younger than 75 years&#44; presence of dyspnea&#44; Charlson Comorbidity Index score of less than 3&#44; a neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio greater than 5&#44; lactate dehydrogenase values greater than 250 U&#47;L&#44; and presence of diffuse infiltrates on the chest x-ray&#46; Using these variables&#44; which are easily available at the time of the patient&#8217;s hospital admission&#44; we built a scoring system that allows for determining the probability of ICU admission&#46; This study allows for anticipating the necessary intensive care resources for patients hospitalized due to COVID-19&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The percentage of patients admitted to the ICU in the derivation cohort was 8&#46;9&#37; and in the validation cohort it was 7&#46;7&#37;&#46; These values are similar to what has been reported in other studies conducted in Spain<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>&#46; The proportion of hospitalized patients admitted to the ICU in other countries was 16&#46;8&#37; in Italy&#44; 17&#37; in the United Kingdom&#44; 11&#37; in France&#44; 32&#37; in the USA&#44; and 8&#46;2&#37; in China<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#8211;13</span></a>&#46; A higher percentage of patients admitted to the ICU applied to our model would entail an increase in the positive predictive value of the scoring system&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The demographic characteristics of the study population also show differences according to country&#44; with a mean age of around 70 years for studies conducted in Europe and a mean age around 50 years for studies conducted in China&#46; All studies showed the determining factors for ICU admission to be older age and male sex&#44; greater comorbidity&#44; and presence of dyspnea&#46; Among the laboratory data&#44; signs of poor prognosis that have been found in all studies include a greater neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and a greater increase in lactate dehydrogenase levels<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#8211;13</span></a>&#46; Likewise&#44; a diffuse&#44; bilateral pattern with ground glass opacity on the chest x-ray has also been associated with greater risk of severe disease<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The performance of our predictive model for ICU admission is in line with data found by other authors&#44; who report AUROC values of 0&#46;74 to 0&#46;88 in studies with derivation and validation models<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12&#44;13</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nevertheless&#44; we must be cautious when extrapolating the performance of models when applying them to other countries&#44; given that they can have differences that&#44; in some instances&#44; are notable<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#46; These differences can be due to the demographic characteristics of the subjects studied&#44; the incidence of cases at one particular moment in the pandemic&#44; or the structure of the healthcare system&#44; among others&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Among the strengths of this study are the large sample size&#44; which allowed for considering a large number of variables in the predictive model&#44; as well as a robust analysis of the derivation and validation models&#46;</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It is advisable to interpret this study as an aid for determining intensive care unit bed requirements for patients with severe COVID-19&#46; Although the risk score refers to clinical deterioration related to COVID-19&#44; the benefit of ICU admission may be conditioned by other aspects&#46; The patient&#8217;s comorbidity&#44; presence of advanced cognitive decline&#44; or inability to perform basic activities of daily living can constitute limitations for ICU admission in subjects with severe COVID-19<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On the other hand&#44; the probability of ICU admission may be influenced by the percentage of beds occupied during different periods of the pandemic&#46; It is possible that during periods when there is good access to supportive treatment&#44; it is decided to provide this treatment to patients with moderate risk of mortality&#46; On the contrary&#44; in periods or areas with more limited resources&#44; the decision could be made to limit intensive supportive treatment in patients with moderate risk in order to optimize available resources&#46; Likewise&#44; the admission of patients with severe COVID-19 in respiratory intensive care units was not taken into consideration&#59; the availability of these facilities could alter the scale validation results&#46;</p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Finally&#44; the development and validation of the predictive model was carried out in Spain&#46; This could limit the generalization of the scoring system to other areas of the world with different healthcare systems&#46;</p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion&#44; we developed a clinical prediction rule for ICU admission for patients with COVID-19&#46; The predictor variables are easy to obtain at the time of admission&#46; Our prediction rule has been validated in a large cohort of patients and has been demonstrated to be reproducible&#46; The incorporation of the rule into the electronic medical record would facilitate its implementation and help clinicians appropriately adapt the patient admissions department&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Funding</span><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">J&#46;V&#46; Segura-Heras received a competitive grant from the <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs0005">Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain</span>&#44; Grant No&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleGrantNumber" refid="gs0005">MTM2017-83850-P</span>&#46;</p><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Spanish Society of Internal Medicine &#40;SEMI&#41; is the sponsor of this study&#46; The research has not received specific grants from agencies in the public&#44; commercial&#44; or non-profit sectors&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Background</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This work aims to identify and validate a risk scale for admission to intensive care units &#40;ICU&#41; in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 &#40;COVID-19&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We created a derivation rule and a validation rule for ICU admission using data from a national registry of a cohort of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were admitted between March and August 2020 &#40;N &#61; 16&#44;298&#41;&#46; We analyzed the available demographic&#44; clinical&#44; radiological&#44; and laboratory variables recorded at hospital admission&#46; We evaluated the performance of the risk score by estimating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve &#40;AUROC&#41;&#46; Using the &#946; coefficients of the regression model&#44; we developed a score &#40;0&#8211;100 points&#41; associated with ICU admission&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The mean age of the patients was 67 years&#59; 57&#37; were men&#46; A total of 1420 &#40;8&#46;7&#37;&#41; patients were admitted to the ICU&#46; The variables independently associated with ICU admission were age&#44; dyspnea&#44; Charlson Comorbidity Index score&#44; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio&#44; lactate dehydrogenase levels&#44; and presence of diffuse infiltrates on a chest X-ray&#46; The model showed an AUROC of 0&#46;780 &#40;CI&#58; 0&#46;763&#8722;0&#46;797&#41; in the derivation cohort and an AUROC of 0&#46;734 &#40;CI&#58; 0&#46;708&#8722;0&#46;761&#41; in the validation cohort&#46; A score of greater than 75 points was associated with a more than 30&#37; probability of ICU admission while a score of less than 50 points reduced the likelihood of ICU admission to 15&#37;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A simple prediction score was a useful tool for forecasting the probability of ICU admission with a high degree of precision&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0005"
            "titulo" => "Background"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0010"
            "titulo" => "Methods"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0015"
            "titulo" => "Results"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0020"
            "titulo" => "Conclusion"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Fundamento</span><p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Identificar y validar una escala de riesgo de ingreso en las unidades de cuidados intensivos &#40;UCI&#41; en pacientes hospitalizados con enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 &#40;COVID-19&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Realizamos una regla de derivaci&#243;n y otra de validaci&#243;n para ingreso en UCI utilizando los datos de un registro nacional de cohortes de pacientes con infecci&#243;n confirmada por SARS-CoV-2 ingresados entre marzo y agosto del a&#241;o 2020 &#40;N &#61; 16&#46;298&#41;&#46; Analizamos variables demogr&#225;ficas&#44; cl&#237;nicas&#44; radiol&#243;gicas y de laboratorio disponibles en el ingreso hospitalario&#46; Evaluamos el rendimiento de la escala de riesgo mediante estimaci&#243;n del &#225;rea bajo la curva de caracter&#237;stica operativa del receptor &#40;AROC&#41;&#46; Utilizamos los coeficientes &#946; del modelo de regresi&#243;n para elaborar una puntuaci&#243;n &#40;0 a 100 puntos&#41; asociada con ingreso en UCI&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La edad media de los pacientes fue 67 a&#241;os&#59; 57&#37; varones&#46; Un total de 1&#46;420 &#40;8&#44;7&#37;&#41; pacientes ingresaron en la UCI&#46; Las variables independientes asociadas con el ingreso en UCI fueron&#58; edad&#44; disnea&#44; &#237;ndice de comorbilidad de Charlson&#44; cociente neutr&#243;filos-linfocitos&#44; lactato deshidrogenasa e infiltrados difusos en la radiografia de t&#243;rax&#46; El modelo mostr&#243; un AROC de 0&#44;780 &#40;IC&#58; 0&#44;763&#8722;0&#44;797&#41; en la cohorte de derivaci&#243;n y un AROC de 0&#44;734 &#40;IC&#58; 0&#44;708&#8722;0&#44;761&#41; en la cohorte de validaci&#243;n&#46; Una puntuaci&#243;n &#62; 75 se asoci&#243; con una probabilidad de ingreso en UCI superior a un 30&#37;&#44; mientras que una puntuaci&#243;n &#60; 50 redujo la probabilidad de ingreso en UCI al 15&#37;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Una puntuaci&#243;n de predicci&#243;n simple proporcion&#243; una herramienta &#250;til para predecir la probabilidad de ingreso en la UCI con un alto grado de precisi&#243;n&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0025"
            "titulo" => "Fundamento"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0030"
            "titulo" => "M&#233;todos"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0035"
            "titulo" => "Resultados"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0040"
            "titulo" => "Conclusi&#243;n"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:2 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; Ena J&#44; Segura-Heras JV&#44; Fonseca-Aizpuru EM&#44; L&#243;pez-Reboiro ML&#44; Gracia-Guti&#233;rrez A&#44; Mart&#237;n-Oterino JA&#44; et al&#46; Derivaci&#243;n y validaci&#243;n de una puntuaci&#243;n de riesgo de ingreso en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos para pacientes con COVID-19&#46; Rev Clin Esp&#46; 2022&#59;222&#58;1&#8211;12&#46;</p>"
      ]
      1 => array:3 [
        "etiqueta" => "1"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">The full list of members of the SEMI-COVID-19 working group is provided in Appendix A&#46;</p>"
        "identificador" => "fn0005"
      ]
    ]
    "apendice" => array:1 [
      0 => array:1 [
        "seccion" => array:1 [
          0 => array:5 [
            "apendice" => "<p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">SEMI-COVID-19 Registry Coordinator&#58; Jos&#233; Manuel Casas Rojo&#46;</p> <p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">SEMI-COVID-19 Members of the Scientific Committee&#58;</span> Jos&#233; Manuel Casas Rojo&#44; Jos&#233; Manuel Ramos Rinc&#243;n&#44; Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo&#44; Jes&#250;s Mill&#225;n N&#250;&#241;ez-Cort&#233;s&#44; Juan Miguel Ant&#243;n Santos&#44; Ricardo G&#243;mez Huelgas&#46;</p>"
            "etiqueta" => "Appendix A"
            "titulo" => "List of SEMI-COVID-19 network members"
            "identificador" => "sec0085"
            "apendiceSeccion" => array:1 [
              0 => array:3 [
                "apendice" => "<p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; de Bellvitge&#46; L<span class="elsevierStyleUnderline">&#39;</span>Hospitalet de Llobregat&#44; Barcelona&#58;</span> Xavier Corbella&#44; Narc&#237;s Homs&#44; Abelardo Montero&#44; Jos&#233; Mar&#237;a Mora-Luj&#225;n&#44; Manuel Rubio-Rivas&#46;</p> <p id="par0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; 12 de Octubre&#44; Madrid&#58;</span> Paloma Agudo de Blas&#44; Coral Ar&#233;valo Ca&#241;as&#44; Blanca Ayuso&#44; Jos&#233; Bascu&#241;ana Morej&#243;n&#44; Samara Campos Escudero&#44; Mar&#237;a Carnevali Fr&#237;as&#44; Santiago Coss&#237;o Tejido&#44; Borja de Miguel Campo&#44; Carmen D&#237;az Pedroche&#44; Raquel D&#237;az Sim&#243;n&#44; Ana Garc&#237;a Reyne&#44; Laura Ibarra Veganzones&#44; Luc&#237;a Jorge Huerta&#44; Antonio Lalueza Blanco&#44; Jaime Laureiro Gonzalo&#44; Jaime Lora-Tamayo&#44; Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo&#44; Guillermo Maestro de la Calle&#44; Rodrigo Miranda Godoy&#44; B&#225;rbara Otero Perpi&#241;a&#44; Diana Paredes Ruiz&#44; Marcos S&#225;nchez Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Javier Tejada Montes&#46;</p> <p id="par0225" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; Gregorio Mara&#241;&#243;n&#44; Madrid&#58;</span> Laura Abarca Casas&#44; &#193;lvaro Alejandre de O&#241;a&#44; Rub&#233;n Alonso Beato&#44; Leyre Alonso Gonzalo&#44; Jaime Alonso Mu&#241;oz&#44; Christian Mario Amodeo Oblitas&#44; Cristina Aus&#237;n Garc&#237;a&#44; Marta Bacete Cebri&#225;n&#44; Jes&#250;s Baltasar Corral&#44; Mar&#237;a Barrientos Guerrero&#44; Alejandro D&#46; Bendala Estrada&#44; Mar&#237;a Calder&#243;n Moreno&#44; Paula Carrascosa Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Raquel Carrillo&#44; Sabela Casta&#241;eda P&#233;rez&#44; Eva Cervilla Mu&#241;oz&#44; Agust&#237;n Diego Chac&#243;n Moreno&#44; Mar&#237;a Carmen Cuenca Carvajal&#44; Sergio de Santos&#44; Andr&#233;s Enr&#237;quez G&#243;mez&#44; Eduardo Fern&#225;ndez Carracedo&#44; Mar&#237;a Mercedes Ferreiro-Maz&#243;n Jenaro&#44; Francisco Galeano Valle&#44; Alejandra Garc&#237;a&#44; Irene Garc&#237;a Fern&#225;ndez-Bravo&#44; Mar&#237;a Eugenia Garc&#237;a Leoni&#44; Mar&#237;a G&#243;mez Ant&#250;nez&#44; Candela Gonz&#225;lez San Narciso&#44; Anthony Alexander Gurjian&#44; Lorena Jim&#233;nez Ib&#225;&#241;ez&#44; Cristina Lavilla Olleros&#44; Cristina Llamazares Mendo&#44; Sara Luis Garc&#237;a&#44; V&#237;ctor Mato Jimeno&#44; Clara Mill&#225;n Nohales&#44; Jes&#250;s Mill&#225;n N&#250;&#241;ez-Cort&#233;s&#44; Sergio Morag&#243;n Ledesma&#44; Antonio Mui&#241;o M&#237;guez&#44; Cecilia Mu&#241;oz Delgado&#44; Luc&#237;a Ordieres Ortega&#44; Susana Pardo S&#225;nchez&#44; Alejandro Parra Virto&#44; Mar&#237;a Teresa P&#233;rez Sanz&#44; Blanca Pinilla Llorente&#44; Sandra Piqueras Ruiz&#44; Guillermo Soria Fern&#225;ndez-Llamazares&#44; Mar&#237;a Toledano Mac&#237;as&#44; Neera Toledo Samaniego&#44; Ana Torres do Rego&#44; Mar&#237;a Victoria Villalba Garc&#237;a&#44; Gracia Villarreal&#44; Mar&#237;a Zurita Etayo&#46;</p> <p id="par0230" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; Costa del Sol&#44; Marbella&#44; M&#225;laga&#58;</span> Victoria August&#237;n Bandera&#44; Javier Garc&#237;a Alegr&#237;a&#44; Nicol&#225;s Jim&#233;nez-Garc&#237;a&#44; Jairo Luque del Pino&#44; Mar&#237;a Dolores Mart&#237;n Escalante&#44; Francisco Navarro Romero&#44; Victoria N&#250;&#241;ez Rodr&#237;guez&#44; Juli&#225;n Olalla Sierra&#46;</p> <p id="par0235" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; de Cabue&#241;es&#44; Gij&#243;n&#44; Asturias&#58;</span> Ana Mar&#237;a &#193;lvarez Su&#225;rez&#44; Carlos Delgado Verg&#233;s&#44; Rosa Fern&#225;ndez-Madera Mart&#237;nez&#44; Eva Mar&#237;a Fonseca Aizpuru&#44; Alejandro G&#243;mez Carrasco&#44; Cristina Helguera Amezua&#44; Juan Francisco L&#243;pez Caleya&#44; Diego L&#243;pez Mart&#237;nez&#44; Mar&#237;a del Mar Mart&#237;nez L&#243;pez&#44; Aleida Mart&#237;nez Zapico&#44; Carmen Olabuenaga Iscar&#44; Luc&#237;a P&#233;rez Casado&#44; Mar&#237;a Luisa Taboada Mart&#237;nez&#44; Lara Mar&#237;a Tamargo Chamorro&#46;</p> <p id="par0240" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; La Paz&#44; Madrid&#58;</span> Jorge &#193;lvarez Troncoso&#44; Francisco Arnalich Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Francisco Blanco Quintana&#44; Carmen Busca Arenzana&#44; Sergio Carrasco Molina&#44; Aranzazu Castellano Candalija&#44; Germ&#225;n Daroca Bengoa&#44; Alejandro de Gea Grela&#44; Alicia de Lorenzo Hern&#225;ndez&#44; Alejandro D&#237;ez Vidal&#44; Carmen Fern&#225;ndez Capit&#225;n&#44; Mar&#237;a Francisca Garc&#237;a Iglesias&#44; Borja Gonz&#225;lez Mu&#241;oz&#44; Carmen Rosario Herrero Gil&#44; Juan Mar&#237;a Herrero Mart&#237;nez&#44; V&#237;ctor Honta&#241;&#243;n&#44; Mar&#237;a Jes&#250;s Jaras Hern&#225;ndez&#44; Carlos Lahoz&#44; Cristina Marcelo Calvo&#44; Juan Carlos Mart&#237;n Guti&#233;rrez&#44; M&#243;nica Mart&#237;nez Prieto&#44; Elena Mart&#237;nez Robles&#44; Araceli Men&#233;ndez Salda&#241;a&#44; Alberto Moreno Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Jos&#233; Mar&#237;a Mostaza Prieto&#44; Ana Noblejas Mozo&#44; Carlos Manuel O&#241;oro L&#243;pez&#44; Esmeralda Palmier Pel&#225;ez&#44; Marina Palomar Pampyn&#44; Mar&#237;a Angustias Quesada Sim&#243;n&#44; Juan Carlos Ramos Ramos&#44; Luis Ramos Ruperto&#44; Aquilino S&#225;nchez Purificaci&#243;n&#44; Teresa Sancho Bueso&#44; Raquel Sorriguieta Torre&#44; Clara Itziar Soto Abanedes&#44; Yeray Untoria Tabares&#44; Marta Varas Mayoral&#44; Julia V&#225;squez Manau&#46;</p> <p id="par0245" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; Royo Villanova&#44; Zaragoza&#58;</span> Nicol&#225;s Alcal&#225; Rivera&#44; Anxela Crestelo Vieitez&#44; Esther del Corral Beamonte&#44; Jes&#250;s D&#237;ez Manglano&#44; Isabel Fiteni Mera&#44; Mar&#237;a del Mar Garc&#237;a Andreu&#44; Martin Geric&#243; Aseguinolaza&#44; Cristina Gallego Lezaun&#44; Claudia Josa Laorden&#44; Ra&#250;l Mart&#237;nez Murgui&#44; Marta Teresa Mat&#237;a Sanz&#46;</p> <p id="par0250" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; Reg&#46; U&#46; de M&#225;laga&#44; M&#225;laga&#58;</span> Mar&#237;a Mar Ayala-Guti&#233;rrez&#44; Rosa Bernal L&#243;pez&#44; Jos&#233; Bueno Fonseca&#44; Ver&#243;nica Andrea Buonaiuto&#44; Luis Francisco Caballero Mart&#237;nez&#44; Lidia Cobos Palacios&#44; Clara Costo Muriel&#44; Francis de Windt&#44; Ana Teresa Fern&#225;ndez-Truchaud Christophel&#44; Paula Garc&#237;a Oca&#241;a&#44; Ricardo G&#243;mez Huelgas&#44; Javier Gorospe Garc&#237;a&#44; Jos&#233; Antonio Hurtado Oliver&#44; Sergio Jansen-Chaparro&#44; Mar&#237;a Dolores L&#243;pez-Carmona&#44; Pablo L&#243;pez Quirantes&#44; Almudena L&#243;pez Sampalo&#44; Elizabeth Lorenzo-Hern&#225;ndez&#44; Juan Jos&#233; Mancebo Sevilla&#44; Jesica Mart&#237;n Carmona&#44; Luis Miguel P&#233;rez-Belmonte&#44; Iv&#225;n P&#233;rez de Pedro&#44; Araceli Pineda-Cantero&#44; Carlos Romero G&#243;mez&#44; Michele Ricci&#44; Jaime Sanz C&#225;novas&#46;</p> <p id="par0255" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; Cl&#237;nico de Santiago de Compostela&#44; A Coru&#241;a&#58;</span> Mar&#237;a del Carmen Beceiro Abad&#44; Mar&#237;a Aurora Freire Romero&#44; Sonia Molinos Castro&#44; Emilio Manuel Paez Guillan&#44; Mar&#237;a Pazo N&#250;&#241;ez&#44; Paula Mar&#237;a Pesqueira Font&#225;n&#46;</p> <p id="par0260" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; Dr&#46; Peset&#44; Valencia&#58;</span> Juan Alberto Aguilera Ayll&#243;n&#44; Arturo Artero&#44; Mar&#237;a del Mar Carmona Mart&#237;n&#44; Mar&#237;a Jos&#233; Fabi&#225; Valls&#44; Mar&#237;a de Mar Fern&#225;ndez Garc&#233;s&#44; Ana Bel&#233;n G&#243;mez Belda&#44; Ian L&#243;pez Cruz&#44; Manuel Madrazo L&#243;pez&#44; Elisabeth Mateo Sanch&#237;s&#44; Jaume Mic&#243; Gand&#237;a&#44; Laura Piles Roger&#44; Adela Mar&#237;a Pina Belmonte&#44; Alba Viana Garc&#237;a&#46;</p> <p id="par0265" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; Mois&#232;s Broggi&#44; Sant Joan Desp&#237;&#44; Barcelona&#58;</span> Judit Aranda Lobo&#44; Luc&#237;a Feria Casanovas&#44; Jos&#233; Loureiro Amigo&#44; Miguel Mart&#237;n Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Isabel Oriol Berm&#250;dez&#44; Melani Pesta&#241;a Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Nicol&#225;s Rhyman&#44; Nuria V&#225;zquez Piqueras&#46;</p> <p id="par0270" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">C&#46; H&#46; U&#46; de Badajoz&#44; Badajoz&#58;</span> Rafael Arag&#243;n Lara&#44; Inmaculada Cimadevilla Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Juan Carlos Cira Garc&#237;a&#44; Gema Mar&#237;a Garc&#237;a Garc&#237;a&#44; Julia Gonz&#225;lez Granados&#44; Beatriz Guerrero S&#225;nchez&#44; Francisco Javier Monreal Peri&#225;&#241;ez&#44; Mar&#237;a Josefa Pascual P&#233;rez&#46;</p> <p id="par0275" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; R&#237;o Hortega&#44; Valladolid&#58;</span> Irene Arroyo Jim&#233;nez&#44; Marina Cazorla Gonz&#225;lez&#44; Marta Cobos-Siles&#44; Luis Corral-Gudino&#44; Pablo Cubero-Morais&#44; Mar&#237;a Gonz&#225;lez Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Jos&#233; Pablo Miramontes Gonz&#225;lez&#44; Marina Prieto Dehesa&#44; Pablo Sanz Espinosa&#46;</p> <p id="par0280" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; Reina Sof&#237;a&#44; C&#243;rdoba&#58;</span> Antonio Pablo Arenas de Larriva&#44; Pilar Calero Espinal&#44; Javier Delgado Lista&#44; Francisco Fuentes-Jim&#233;nez&#44; Mar&#237;a del Carmen Guerrero Mart&#237;nez&#44; Mar&#237;a Jes&#250;s G&#243;mez V&#225;zquez&#44; Jos&#233; Jim&#233;nez Torres&#44; Laura Limia P&#233;rez&#44; Jos&#233; L&#243;pez-Miranda&#44; Laura Mart&#237;n Piedra&#44; Marta Mill&#225;n Orge&#44; Javier Pascual Vinagre&#44; Pablo P&#233;rez-Mart&#237;nez&#44; Mar&#237;a Elena Revelles V&#237;lchez&#44; &#193;ngela Rodrigo Mart&#237;nez&#44; Juan Luis Romero Cabrera&#44; Jos&#233; David Torres-Pe&#241;a&#46;</p> <p id="par0285" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; S&#46; Juan de Alicante&#44; Alicante&#58;</span> Marisa Asensio Tom&#225;s&#44; David Balaz&#44; David Bonet Tur&#44; Ruth Ca&#241;izares Navarro&#44; Paloma Chazarra P&#233;rez&#44; Jes&#250;s Corbacho Redondo&#44; Eliana Damonte White&#44; Mar&#237;a Escamilla Esp&#237;nola&#44; Leticia Espinosa Del Barrio&#44; Pedro Jes&#250;s Esteve Ati&#233;nzar&#44; Carles Garc&#237;a Cervera&#44; David Francisco Garc&#237;a N&#250;&#241;ez&#44; Francisco Garrido Navarro&#44; Vicente Giner Galva&#241;&#44; Angie G&#243;mez Uranga&#44; Javier Guzm&#225;n Mart&#237;nez&#44; Isidro Hern&#225;ndez Isasi&#44; Lourdes Lajara Villar&#44; Ver&#243;nica Mart&#237;nez Sempere&#44; Juan Manuel N&#250;&#241;ez Cruz&#44; Sergio Palacios Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Juan Jorge Peris Garc&#237;a&#44; Rafael Pi&#241;ol Pleguezuelos&#44; Andrea Ria&#241;o P&#233;rez&#44; Jos&#233; Miguel Segu&#237; Ripoll&#44; Azucena Sempere Mira&#44; Philip Wikman-Jorgensen&#46;</p> <p id="par0290" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; Nuestra Se&#241;ora del Prado&#44; Talavera de la Reina&#44; Toledo&#58;</span> Sonia Casallo Blanco&#44; Jeffrey Oskar Magallanes Gamboa&#44; Cristina Salazar Mosteiro&#44; Andrea Silva Asiain&#46;</p> <p id="par0295" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; de Pozoblanco&#44; C&#243;rdoba&#58;</span> Jos&#233; Nicol&#225;s Alcal&#225; Pedrajas&#44; Antonia M&#225;rquez Garc&#237;a&#44; In&#233;s Vargas&#46;</p> <p id="par0300" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; Infanta Cristina&#44; Parla&#44; Madrid&#58;</span> Juan Miguel Ant&#243;n Santos&#44; Ana Bel&#233;n Barbero Barrera&#44; Blanca Beamonte Vela&#44; Coralia Bueno Mui&#241;o&#44; Charo Bur&#243;n Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Ruth Calder&#243;n Hern&#225;iz&#44; Irene Casado L&#243;pez&#44; Jos&#233; Manuel Casas Rojo&#44; Andr&#233;s Cort&#233;s Troncoso&#44; Pilar Cubo Romano&#44; Francesco Deodati&#44; Alejandro Estrada Santiago&#44; Gonzalo Garc&#237;a Casasola S&#225;nchez&#44; Elena Garc&#237;a Guijarro&#44; Francisco Javier Garc&#237;a S&#225;nchez&#44; Pilar Garc&#237;a de la Torre&#44; Mayte de Guzm&#225;n Garc&#237;a-Monge&#44; Davide Luordo&#44; Mar&#237;a Mateos Gonz&#225;lez&#44; Jos&#233; A&#46; Melero Bermejo&#44; Cruz Pastor Valverde&#44; Jos&#233; Luis P&#233;rez Quero&#44; Fernando Roque Rojas&#44; Lorea Roteta Garc&#237;a&#44; Elena Sierra Gonzalo&#44; Francisco Javier Teigell Mu&#241;oz&#44; Juan Vicente de la Sota&#44; Javier Villanueva Mart&#237;nez&#46;</p> <p id="par0305" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; G&#46; U&#46; de Elda&#44; Alicante&#58;</span> Carmen Cort&#233;s Saavedra&#44; Jennifer Fern&#225;ndez G&#243;mez&#44; Borja Gonz&#225;lez L&#243;pez&#44; Mar&#237;a Soledad Hern&#225;ndez Garrido&#44; Ana Isabel L&#243;pez Amor&#243;s&#44; Santiago L&#243;pez Gil&#44; Mar&#237;a de los Reyes Pascual P&#233;rez&#44; Nuria Ram&#237;rez Perea&#44; Andrea Torregrosa Garc&#237;a&#46;</p> <p id="par0310" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; Santa Marina&#44; Bilbao&#58;</span> Mar&#237;a Areses Manrique&#44; Ainara Coduras Erdozain&#44; Ane Labirua-Iturburu Ruiz&#46;</p> <p id="par0315" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; San Pedro&#44; Logro&#241;o&#44; La Rioja&#58;</span> Diana Alegre Gonz&#225;lez&#44; Irene Ari&#241;o P&#233;rez de Zabalza&#44; Sergio Arnedo Hern&#225;ndez&#44; Jorge Collado S&#225;enz&#44; Beatriz Dendariena&#44; Marta G&#243;mez del Mazo&#44; Iratxe Mart&#237;nez de Narvajas Urra&#44; Sara Mart&#237;nez Hern&#225;ndez&#44; Estela Men&#233;ndez Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Jos&#233; Lu&#237;s Pe&#241;a Somovilla&#44; Elisa Rabad&#225;n Pejenaute&#46;</p> <p id="par0320" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; Son Ll&#224;tzer&#44; Palma de Mallorca&#58;</span> Andr&#233;s de la Pe&#241;a Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Almudena Hern&#225;ndez Mili&#225;n&#46;</p> <p id="par0325" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">C&#46; H&#46; U&#46; Ourense&#44; Ourense&#58;</span> Raquel Fern&#225;ndez Gonz&#225;lez&#44; Amara Gonz&#225;lez Noya&#44; Carlos Hern&#225;ndez Cer&#243;n&#44; Isabel Izuzquiza Avanzini&#44; Ana Latorre Diez&#44; Pablo L&#243;pez Mato&#44; Ana Mar&#237;a Lorenzo Vizcaya&#44; Daniel Pe&#241;a Ben&#237;tez&#44; Milagros Mar&#237;a Pe&#241;a Zemsch&#44; Luc&#237;a P&#233;rez Exp&#243;sito&#44; Marta Pose Bar&#44; Lara Rey Gonz&#225;lez&#44; Laura Rodrigo Lara&#46;</p> <p id="par0330" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; La Fe&#44; Valencia&#58;</span> Dafne Caba&#241;ero&#44; Mar&#237;a Calabuig Ballester&#44; Pascual C&#237;scar Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Ricardo Gil S&#225;nchez&#44; Marta Jim&#233;nez Escrig&#44; Cristina Mar&#237;n Amela&#44; Laura Parra G&#243;mez&#44; Carlos Puig Navarro&#44; Jos&#233; Antonio Todol&#237; Parra&#46;</p> <p id="par0335" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; de Matar&#243;&#44; Barcelona&#58;</span> Raquel Aranega Gonz&#225;lez&#44; Ramon Boixeda&#44; Javier Fern&#225;ndez Fern&#225;ndez&#44; Carlos Lopera M&#225;rmol&#44; Marta Parra Navarro&#44; Ainhoa Rex Guzm&#225;n&#44; Aleix Serrallonga Fustier&#46;</p> <p id="par0340" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; de Sagunto&#44; Valencia&#58;</span> Enrique Rodilla Sala&#44; Jos&#233; Mar&#237;a Pascual Izuel&#44; Zineb Karroud Zamrani&#46;</p> <p id="par0345" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; Alto Guadalquivir&#44; And&#250;jar&#44; Ja&#233;n&#58;</span> Bego&#241;a Cort&#233;s Rodr&#237;guez&#46;</p> <p id="par0350" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; Infanta Margarita&#44; Cabra&#44; C&#243;rdoba&#58;</span> Mar&#237;a Esther Guisado Espartero&#44; Lorena Montero Rivas&#44; Mar&#237;a de la Sierra Navas Alc&#225;ntara&#44; Raimundo Tirado-Miranda&#46;</p> <p id="par0355" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">C&#46; H&#46; U&#46; de Ferrol&#44; A Coru&#241;a&#58;</span> Hortensia &#193;lvarez D&#237;az&#44; Tamara Dalama L&#243;pez&#44; Estefan&#237;a Martul Pego&#44; Carmen Mella P&#233;rez&#44; Ana Pazos Ferro&#44; Sabela S&#225;nchez Trigo&#44; Dolores Suarez Sambade&#44; Mar&#237;a Trigas Ferrin&#44; Mar&#237;a del Carmen V&#225;zquez Friol&#44; Laura Vilari&#241;o Maneiro&#46;</p> <p id="par0360" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; Marina Baixa&#44; Villajoyosa&#44; Alicante&#58;</span> Javier Ena&#44; Santiago P&#233;rez Mart&#237;n&#46;</p> <p id="par0365" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; Virgen del Roc&#237;o&#44; Sevilla&#58;</span> Reyes Aparicio Santos&#44; M&#225;ximo Bernabeu-Wittel&#44; Santiago Rodr&#237;guez Su&#225;rez&#44; Mar&#237;a Nieto&#44; Luis Gim&#233;nez Miranda&#44; Rosa Mar&#237;a G&#225;mez Mancera&#44; F&#225;tima Espinosa Torre&#44; Carlos Hern&#225;ndez Quiles&#44; Concepci&#243;n Conde Guzm&#225;n&#44; Juan Delgado de la Cuesta&#44; Jara Elo&#237;sa Ternero Vega&#44; Mar&#237;a del Carmen L&#243;pez R&#237;os&#44; Pablo D&#237;az Jim&#233;nez&#44; Bosco Bar&#243;n Franco&#44; Carlos Jim&#233;nez de Juan&#44; Sonia Guti&#233;rrez Rivero&#44; Julia Lanseros Tenllado&#44; Ver&#243;nica Alfaro Lara&#44; Aurora Gonz&#225;lez Estrada&#46;</p> <p id="par0370" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; P&#250;blico de Monforte de Lemos&#44; Lugo&#58;</span> Jos&#233; L&#243;pez Castro&#44; Manuel Lorenzo L&#243;pez Reboiro&#44; Cristina Sardi&#241;a Gonz&#225;lez&#46;</p> <p id="par0375" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; General Defensa&#44; Zaragoza&#58;</span> Anyuli Gracia Guti&#233;rrez&#44; Leticia Esther Royo Trallero&#46;</p> <p id="par0380" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">C&#46; A&#46; U&#46; de Salamanca&#44; Salamanca&#58;</span> Gloria Mar&#237;a Alonso Claudio&#44; V&#237;ctor Barreales Rodr&#237;guez&#44; Cristina Carbonell Mu&#241;oz&#44; Adela Carpio P&#233;rez&#44; Mar&#237;a Victoria Coral Orbes&#44; Daniel Encinas S&#225;nchez&#44; Sandra In&#233;s Revuelta&#44; Miguel Marcos Mart&#237;n&#44; Jos&#233; Ignacio Mart&#237;n Gonz&#225;lez&#44; Jos&#233; &#193;ngel Mart&#237;n Oterino&#44; Leticia Moralejo Alonso&#44; Sonia Pe&#241;a Balbuena&#44; Mar&#237;a Luisa P&#233;rez Garc&#237;a&#44; Ana Ram&#243;n Prados&#44; Beatriz Rodr&#237;guez-Alonso&#44; &#193;ngela Romero Alegr&#237;a&#44; Mar&#237;a S&#225;nchez Ledesma&#44; Rosa Juana Tejera P&#233;rez&#46;</p> <p id="par0385" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; de Palam&#243;s&#44; Girona&#58;</span> Ana Alberich Conesa&#44; Mari Cruz Almendros Rivas&#44; Miquel Hortos Alsina&#44; Jos&#233; Marchena Romero&#44; Anabel Mart&#237;n-Urda Diez-Canseco&#46;</p> <p id="par0390" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; do Salnes&#44; Vilagarc&#237;a de Arousa&#44; Pontevedra&#58;</span> Vanesa Allende Castro&#44; Ana Mar&#237;a Baz Lomba&#44; Ruth Brea Aparicio&#44; Marta Fern&#225;ndez Morales&#44; Jes&#250;s Manuel Fern&#225;ndez Villar&#44; Mar&#237;a Teresa L&#243;pez Monteagudo&#44; Cristina P&#233;rez Garc&#237;a&#44; Lorena Rodr&#237;guez Ferreira&#44; Diana Sande Llovo&#44; Mar&#237;a Bego&#241;a Valle Feijoo&#46;</p> <p id="par0395" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">H&#46; U&#46; HM Montepr&#237;ncipe&#44; Boadilla del Monte&#44; Madrid&#58;</span> Jos&#233; F&#46; Varona Arche&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Age&#44; years&#44; mean &#177; SD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;298&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">67&#46;7 &#177; 16&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">63&#46;3 &#177; 12&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Male sex&#8212;No&#46; &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;288&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8367 &#40;56&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">987 &#40;69&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dependence</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;288&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Independent&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">12&#44;092 &#40;82&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1377 &#40;97&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Partially dependent&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Totally dependent&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Comorbidity&#8212;No&#46; &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">9980 &#40;70&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">876 &#40;64&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ex-smoker&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3567 &#40;25&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Active Smoker&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">717 &#40;5&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">85 &#40;6&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hypertension</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;264&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7631 &#40;51&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">705 &#40;49&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;226&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Type 2 diabetes mellitus</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2128 &#40;14&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">228 &#40;16&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Type 1 diabetes mellitus</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">817 &#40;5&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">65 &#40;4&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;159&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chronic kidney disease</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">936 &#40;6&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">47 &#40;3&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Obesity &#40;BMI &#62; 30 kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">14&#44;973&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">885 &#40;21&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">404 &#40;30&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dementia</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;288&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1594 &#40;10&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;0&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cancer</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">660 &#40;4&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">43 &#40;3&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">HIV infection</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Signs and symptoms&#8212;No&#46; &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Temperature&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cough&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Dry&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">933 &#40;65&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">With sputum production&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anosmia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15&#44;897&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1126 &#40;7&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">68 &#40;4&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Asthenia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;090&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6377 &#40;43&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">627 &#40;44&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;490&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anorexia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;025&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2931 &#40;20&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">262 &#40;18&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;249&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Headache&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;072&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1765 &#40;12&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">161 &#40;11&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;548&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Arthromyalgia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;130&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4486 &#40;30&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">473 &#40;33&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;019&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ageusia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15&#44;903&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1266 &#40;8&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">86 &#40;6&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Altered level of consciousness&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;150&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1794 &#40;12&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">119 &#40;8&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Dyspnea&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;228&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8299 &#40;56&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1069 &#40;75&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Vomiting&#47;nausea&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2100 &#40;14&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">188 &#40;13&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;306&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Diarrhea&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;166&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3566 &#40;24&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">321 &#40;22&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;217&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Radiology&#8212;No&#46; &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;061&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Absence of infiltrates&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7789 &#40;53&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">630 &#40;44&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Unilateral infiltrates&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2567 &#40;17&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">171 &#40;12&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Diffuse infiltrates&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4300 &#40;29&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">604 &#40;43&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Physical examination&#44; mean &#177; DE</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15&#44;849&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">93&#46;3 &#177; 5&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">89&#46;0 &#177; 8&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Systolic blood pressure&#44; mmHg&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">15&#44;666&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">128&#46;8 &#177; 21&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">127&#46;8 &#177; 21&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;083&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Diastolic blood pressure&#44; mmHg&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15&#44;657&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">73&#46;9 &#177; 13&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">72&#46;8 &#177; 13&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;003&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Heart rate&#44; beats&#47;min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">15&#44;831&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">88&#46;3 &#177; 17&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">92&#46;8 &#177; 17&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Tachypnea &#40;&#60;30 breaths&#47;min&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">15&#44;942&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4258 &#40;29&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">793 &#40;56&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Laboratory tests&#44; mean &#177; SD</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;107&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7&#46;0 &#177; 11&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">9&#46;7 &#177; 9&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Platelets&#8212;x10<span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span>&#47;L&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;182&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">207&#44;227 &#177; 93&#44;637&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">203&#44;388 &#177; 90&#44;454&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;140&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>D-dimer&#8212;ng&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">12&#44;852&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;906 &#177; 10&#44;702&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;969 &#177; 11&#44;865&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;004&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Glucose&#8212;mg&#47;dL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15&#44;714&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">127&#46;5 &#177; 58&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">138&#46;6 &#177; 55&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Creatinine&#8212;mg&#47;dL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">16&#44;151&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;1 &#177; 0&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;1 &#177; 0&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;881&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ALT&#8212;U&#47;L&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">15&#44;238&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">40&#46;5 &#177; 62&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">49&#46;7 &#177; 51&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Lactate dehydrogenase&#8212;U&#47;L&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">14&#44;112&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">359&#46;5 &#177; 197&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">501&#46;5 &#177; 365&#46;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>C-reactive protein&#8212;mg&#47;dL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15&#44;652&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">84&#46;5 &#177; 86&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">130&#46;7 &#177; 108&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lactate dehydrogenase&#44; U&#47;L</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;250&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">85 &#40;3&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">27 &#40;2&#46;24&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;655&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>250&#8722;500&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">442 &#40;8&#46;24&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">209 &#40;7&#46;68&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62; 500&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">318 &#40;19&#46;79&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">133 &#40;17&#46;01&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Altered level of consciousness</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">902 &#40;9&#46;54&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">389 &#40;8&#46;14&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;062&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">84 &#40;6&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">35 &#40;5&#46;83&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chest x-ray</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Absence of infiltrates&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">435 &#40;7&#46;77&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">195 &#40;6&#46;91&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;197&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Unilateral infiltrates&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">114 &#40;6&#46;18&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">57 &#40;6&#46;39&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Diffuse infiltrates&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">432 &#40;13&#46;24&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">172 &#40;10&#46;49&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Neoplasm</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">961 &#40;9&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">411 &#40;7&#46;92&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;665&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">28 &#40;5&#46;77&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15 &#40;6&#46;88&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Tachypnea &#40;&#62; 30 breaths&#47;min&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">409 &#40;5&#46;67&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">194 &#40;5&#46;28&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;171&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">567 &#40;16&#46;66&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">226 &#40;13&#46;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Urea elevation &#62; 40 mg&#47;dL</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">406 &#40;8&#46;57&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">195 &#40;8&#46;16&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;768&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">447 &#40;10&#46;79&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">183 &#40;8&#46;86&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Type 1 diabetes mellitus</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">947 &#40;9&#46;24&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">407 &#40;7&#46;94&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;848&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;597&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;0&#46;397&#44; 0&#46;863&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;009&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Type 1 diabetes mellitus</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes vs&#46; No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;770&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;0&#46;553&#44; 1&#46;045&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;107&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Type 2 diabetes mellitus</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes vs&#46; No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;146&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;0&#46;956&#44; 1&#46;367&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;135&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Altered level of consciousness</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes vs&#46; No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;648&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;0&#46;511&#44; 0&#46;812&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Tachypnea&#44;&#60; 30 breaths&#47;min</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes vs&#46; No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;327&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;2&#46;910&#44; 3&#46;808&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dyspnea</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes vs&#46; No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;659&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;2&#46;286&#44; 3&#46;104&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#8722;10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;974&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;1&#46;686&#46; 2&#46;311&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62; 10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;027&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;2&#46;565&#46; 3&#46;571&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lactate dehydrogenase&#44; U&#47;L</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;250&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>250&#8722;500&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;475&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;1&#46;963&#44; 3&#46;157&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes vs&#46; No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;237 &#40;1&#46;874&#44; 2&#46;680&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Charlson Comorbidity Index&#44; points</span></td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;102 &#40;0&#46;577&#44; 2&#46;057&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;468 &#40;0&#46;869&#44; 2&#46;498&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;153&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;864 &#40;1&#46;203&#44; 2&#46;967&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;007&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;013 &#40;1&#46;338&#44; 3&#46;128&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#46;084 &#40;1&#46;408&#44; 3&#46;195&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio</span></td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;747 &#40;1&#46;455&#44; 2&#46;097&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62; 10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Lactate dehydrogenase&#44; U&#47;L</span></td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;250&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>250&#8722;500&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;941 &#40;1&#46;518&#44; 2&#46;510&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62; 500&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chest x-ray</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Absence of infiltrates&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;071&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;565&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Diffuse infiltrates&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;412&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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Journal Information
Vol. 222. Issue 1.
Pages 1-12 (January 2022)
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Vol. 222. Issue 1.
Pages 1-12 (January 2022)
Original article
Derivation and validation of a risk score for admission to the Intensive Care Unit in patients with COVID-19
Derivación y validación de una puntuación de riesgo de ingreso en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos para pacientes con COVID-19
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J. Enaa,
Corresponding author
ena_jav@gva.es

Corresponding author.
, J.V. Segura-Herasb, E.M. Fonseca-Aizpuruc, M.L. López-Reboirod, A. Gracia-Gutiérreze, J.A. Martín-Oterinof, A. Martin-Urda Diez-Cansecog, C. Pérez-Garcíah, J.M. Ramos-Rincóni, R. Gómez-Huelgasj, on behalf of the SEMI-COVID-19 working group 1
a Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Marina Baixa, Alicante, Spain
b Instituto Universitario de Investigación «Centro de Investigación Operativa» (CIO), Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
c Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, Asturias, Spain
d Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Público de Monforte de Lemos, Lugo, Spain
e Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Defensa, Zaragoza, Spain
f Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
g Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Palamós, Girona, Spain
h Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital do Salnes, Vilagarcía de Arousa, Pontevedra, Spain
i Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
j Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Characteristics of the study patients.
Table 2. Characteristics of patients who were admitted to the ICU in the derivation and validation cohorts.
Table 3. Independent factors of ICU admission in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 for the derivation cohort. Univariate analysis.
Table 4. Independent predictive factors of ICU admission.
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Abstract
Background

This work aims to identify and validate a risk scale for admission to intensive care units (ICU) in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

We created a derivation rule and a validation rule for ICU admission using data from a national registry of a cohort of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were admitted between March and August 2020 (N = 16,298). We analyzed the available demographic, clinical, radiological, and laboratory variables recorded at hospital admission. We evaluated the performance of the risk score by estimating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Using the β coefficients of the regression model, we developed a score (0–100 points) associated with ICU admission.

Results

The mean age of the patients was 67 years; 57% were men. A total of 1420 (8.7%) patients were admitted to the ICU. The variables independently associated with ICU admission were age, dyspnea, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, lactate dehydrogenase levels, and presence of diffuse infiltrates on a chest X-ray. The model showed an AUROC of 0.780 (CI: 0.763−0.797) in the derivation cohort and an AUROC of 0.734 (CI: 0.708−0.761) in the validation cohort. A score of greater than 75 points was associated with a more than 30% probability of ICU admission while a score of less than 50 points reduced the likelihood of ICU admission to 15%.

Conclusion

A simple prediction score was a useful tool for forecasting the probability of ICU admission with a high degree of precision.

Keywords:
Clinical epidemiology
Critical care
Emergency medicine
Respiratory infection
Viral infection
General linear model
Resumen
Fundamento

Identificar y validar una escala de riesgo de ingreso en las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) en pacientes hospitalizados con enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).

Métodos

Realizamos una regla de derivación y otra de validación para ingreso en UCI utilizando los datos de un registro nacional de cohortes de pacientes con infección confirmada por SARS-CoV-2 ingresados entre marzo y agosto del año 2020 (N = 16.298). Analizamos variables demográficas, clínicas, radiológicas y de laboratorio disponibles en el ingreso hospitalario. Evaluamos el rendimiento de la escala de riesgo mediante estimación del área bajo la curva de característica operativa del receptor (AROC). Utilizamos los coeficientes β del modelo de regresión para elaborar una puntuación (0 a 100 puntos) asociada con ingreso en UCI.

Resultados

La edad media de los pacientes fue 67 años; 57% varones. Un total de 1.420 (8,7%) pacientes ingresaron en la UCI. Las variables independientes asociadas con el ingreso en UCI fueron: edad, disnea, índice de comorbilidad de Charlson, cociente neutrófilos-linfocitos, lactato deshidrogenasa e infiltrados difusos en la radiografia de tórax. El modelo mostró un AROC de 0,780 (IC: 0,763−0,797) en la cohorte de derivación y un AROC de 0,734 (IC: 0,708−0,761) en la cohorte de validación. Una puntuación > 75 se asoció con una probabilidad de ingreso en UCI superior a un 30%, mientras que una puntuación < 50 redujo la probabilidad de ingreso en UCI al 15%.

Conclusión

Una puntuación de predicción simple proporcionó una herramienta útil para predecir la probabilidad de ingreso en la UCI con un alto grado de precisión.

Palabras clave:
Epidemiologia clínica
Urgencias
Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos
Infección respiratoria
Infección viral
Modelo lineal generalizado

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