array:24 [
  "pii" => "S2254887422000145"
  "issn" => "22548874"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.rceng.2021.12.002"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2022-06-01"
  "aid" => "2004"
  "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI)"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2021"
  "documento" => "simple-article"
  "crossmark" => 1
  "subdocumento" => "cor"
  "cita" => "Rev Clin Esp. 2022;222:372-3"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => false
    "ES2" => false
    "LATM" => false
  ]
  "gratuito" => false
  "lecturas" => array:1 [
    "total" => 0
  ]
  "Traduccion" => array:1 [
    "es" => array:19 [
      "pii" => "S0014256521002502"
      "issn" => "00142565"
      "doi" => "10.1016/j.rce.2021.12.001"
      "estado" => "S300"
      "fechaPublicacion" => "2022-06-01"
      "aid" => "2004"
      "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI)"
      "documento" => "simple-article"
      "crossmark" => 1
      "subdocumento" => "cor"
      "cita" => "Rev Clin Esp. 2022;222:372-3"
      "abierto" => array:3 [
        "ES" => false
        "ES2" => false
        "LATM" => false
      ]
      "gratuito" => false
      "lecturas" => array:1 [
        "total" => 0
      ]
      "es" => array:10 [
        "idiomaDefecto" => true
        "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">CORRESPONDENCIA</span>"
        "titulo" => "Premios Nobel y su influencia en las &#225;reas de conocimiento de varias especialidades m&#233;dicas"
        "tienePdf" => "es"
        "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es"
        "paginas" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "paginaInicial" => "372"
            "paginaFinal" => "373"
          ]
        ]
        "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
          "en" => array:1 [
            "titulo" => "Nobel prizes and their influence on the areas of knowledge of various medical specialties"
          ]
        ]
        "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "contienePdf" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "autores" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "autoresLista" => "J&#46;M&#46; Trejo-Gabriel-Gal&#225;n"
            "autores" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "J&#46;M&#46;"
                "apellidos" => "Trejo-Gabriel-Gal&#225;n"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
      "Traduccion" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:9 [
          "pii" => "S2254887422000145"
          "doi" => "10.1016/j.rceng.2021.12.002"
          "estado" => "S300"
          "subdocumento" => ""
          "abierto" => array:3 [
            "ES" => false
            "ES2" => false
            "LATM" => false
          ]
          "gratuito" => false
          "lecturas" => array:1 [
            "total" => 0
          ]
          "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
          "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2254887422000145?idApp=WRCEE"
        ]
      ]
      "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0014256521002502?idApp=WRCEE"
      "url" => "/00142565/0000022200000006/v2_202205260623/S0014256521002502/v2_202205260623/es/main.assets"
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2254887422000091"
    "issn" => "22548874"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.rceng.2021.11.005"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2022-06-01"
    "aid" => "2005"
    "copyright" => "Elsevier Espa&#241;a&#44; S&#46;L&#46;U&#46; and Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Medicina Interna &#40;SEMI&#41;"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "cor"
    "cita" => "Rev Clin Esp. 2022;222:374-6"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Correspondence</span>"
      "titulo" => "Systemic capillary leak syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection and after COVID-19 vaccination&#58; A scoping review in relation to a clinical case"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "374"
          "paginaFinal" => "376"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "S&#237;ndrome de fuga capilar sist&#233;mica tras infecci&#243;n por SARS-CoV-2 y tras vacunaci&#243;n contra COVID-19&#58; una revisi&#243;n de alcance a prop&#243;sito de un caso"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "M&#46; Buj, G&#46; Morales-Varas, A&#46; Pedrosa-Guerrero, E&#46; Alonso-Ciria"
          "autores" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "M&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Buj"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "G&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Morales-Varas"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Pedrosa-Guerrero"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "E&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Alonso-Ciria"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "Traduccion" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:9 [
        "pii" => "S0014256521002514"
        "doi" => "10.1016/j.rce.2021.11.006"
        "estado" => "S300"
        "subdocumento" => ""
        "abierto" => array:3 [
          "ES" => false
          "ES2" => false
          "LATM" => false
        ]
        "gratuito" => false
        "lecturas" => array:1 [
          "total" => 0
        ]
        "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
        "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0014256521002514?idApp=WRCEE"
      ]
    ]
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2254887422000091?idApp=WRCEE"
    "url" => "/22548874/0000022200000006/v1_202206040654/S2254887422000091/v1_202206040654/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2254887422000418"
    "issn" => "22548874"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.rceng.2022.03.003"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2022-06-01"
    "aid" => "2034"
    "copyright" => "Elsevier Espa&#241;a&#44; S&#46;L&#46;U&#46; and Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Medicina Interna &#40;SEMI&#41;"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "edi"
    "cita" => "Rev Clin Esp. 2022;222:370-1"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Editorial</span>"
      "titulo" => "Is it an illusion to correct vitamin D deficiency in the healthy Spanish population&#63;"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "370"
          "paginaFinal" => "371"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "&#191;Es una quimera corregir la deficiencia de vitamina D en la poblaci&#243;n sana espa&#241;ola&#63;"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "S&#46; Azriel"
          "autores" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "S&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Azriel"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "Traduccion" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:9 [
        "pii" => "S0014256522000613"
        "doi" => "10.1016/j.rce.2022.03.008"
        "estado" => "S300"
        "subdocumento" => ""
        "abierto" => array:3 [
          "ES" => false
          "ES2" => false
          "LATM" => false
        ]
        "gratuito" => false
        "lecturas" => array:1 [
          "total" => 0
        ]
        "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
        "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0014256522000613?idApp=WRCEE"
      ]
    ]
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2254887422000418?idApp=WRCEE"
    "url" => "/22548874/0000022200000006/v1_202206040654/S2254887422000418/v1_202206040654/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:14 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Correspondence</span>"
    "titulo" => "Nobel prizes and their influence on the areas of knowledge of various medical specialties"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "saludo" => "Dear Director&#44;"
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "372"
        "paginaFinal" => "373"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:3 [
        "autoresLista" => "J&#46;M&#46; Trejo-Gabriel-Gal&#225;n"
        "autores" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "J&#46;M&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Trejo-Gabriel-Gal&#225;n"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "jtrejogyg@gmail.com"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "entidad" => "Servicio de Neurolog&#237;a&#44; Hospital Universitario de Burgos&#44; Burgos&#44; Spain"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Premios Nobel y su influencia en las &#225;reas de conocimiento de varias especialidades m&#233;dicas"
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded each year to the discovery in these areas &#8220;that have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind&#8221;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; according to the will of the prize&#8217;s founder&#44; Alfred Nobel&#46; Choosing who will receive the prize is similar to publications with peer review done by experts but differs in the anonymity of those being evaluated and in that&#44; in 80&#37; of cases&#44; the prize is awarded more than 10 years after the discovery&#46; This delay prevents the prize being awarded to discoveries that seem important at first but&#44; in the medium-term&#44; are found not to be so important&#44; as happened in 1927 with the prize for the treatment of dementia paralytica with malaria inoculation&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">These differences mean that some of the works awarded the Nobel prize are published in journals with an impact factor of less than five or even without an impact factor<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; These discoveries have increased the knowledge areas of different specialties in medicine&#46; We would like to ask whether this has benefited some specialties more than others and&#44; if this is the case&#44; if the focus on different areas has changed over the Nobel Prize&#8217;s 120-year history<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To answer these questions&#44; we classified each prize by the medical specialty most directly benefited &#40;although they almost always benefit several&#41; and grouped the prizes by decades to observe if there is a pattern over time &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We found that the category with the most prizes is cellular physiology&#44; which could not be classified under any specific medical specialty&#46; The same can be said for discoveries in genetics&#44; whose tools have been used in the majority of recent prizes classified in other areas&#46; It is thus no surprise that the majority of prize winners are not physicians&#44; but rather biochemists or physiologists&#44; and that the prize is for &#8220;physiology or medicine&#46;&#8221; Some discoveries of great importance for the biological sciences have received the prize for chemistry&#44; as occurred in 2009 for work on the structure of ribosomes&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Specialties that can be encompassed under the neurosciences &#40;neurology&#44; psychiatry&#44; neurophysiology&#44; psychology&#41; have seen many awards for discoveries&#46; Microbiology and infectious diseases received more prizes in the first half of the past century&#44; when infections were the main cause of death&#44; and the discovery of a germ or its treatment was often rewarded with the prize &#40;diphtheria antitoxin serum in 1901&#44; the tubercle bacillus in 1905 and its treatment with streptomycin in 1952&#44; the discovery of penicillin in 1945&#44; etc&#46;&#41;&#46; The majority of prizes received in the area of endocrinology also date from the first half of the 20th century&#44; including the discovery of hormones&#44; as occurred with insulin in 1923&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On the contrary&#44; in the second half of the 20th century&#44; an opposing criterion for awarding the prizes predominated&#58; it was awarded not to works on specific diseases or molecules&#44; but rather to those on cellular physiology or genetics&#46; The awarding committees have prioritized work that &#8220;opens doors&#8221; to knowledge and those that other investigators in the academic world or pharmaceutical industry will take advantage of to discover new treatments&#46; Therefore&#44; the Nobel Prize related to polio did not go to those who developed the vaccines &#40;J&#46; Salk and A&#46; Sabin&#41;&#44; but rather to those who had previously made the necessary discovery that the polio virus could be cultivated in monkey cells &#40;J&#46; Enders&#44; T&#46; Weller&#44; and F&#46; Robbins in 1954&#41;&#46; These discoveries in basic sciences are quickly used&#44; as reflected in the fact that two unconnected research groups often make the same discovery at the same time&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Immunology&#44; oncology&#44; hematology&#44; and gynecology have been other areas whose discoveries have often received the prize&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All areas of medicine have directly or indirectly benefited from the work awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine&#46; These prizes are not only a recognition&#44; but rather indicate the most important research areas to scientists and highlight to society the debt we owe to science&#46;</p></span>"
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; Trejo-Gabriel-Gal&#225;n JM&#46; Premios Nobel y su influencia en las &#225;reas de conocimiento de varias especialidades m&#233;dicas&#46; Rev Cl&#237;n Esp&#46; 2022&#59;222&#58;372&#8211;373&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:2 [
      0 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at0005"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:1 [
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><elsevierMultimedia ident="202206040655488931"></elsevierMultimedia>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2928204.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Knowledge areas &#40;number of prizes&#41; and decades in which the prizes have been received&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "202206040655488931"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "fx1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 2241
            "Ancho" => 3417
            "Tamanyo" => 474219
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:3 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0005"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Alfred Nobel&#8217;s will &#91;Internet&#93;&#46; &#91;Accessed 2 November 2021&#93;&#46; Available from&#58; <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobels-will">https&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;nobelprize&#46;org&#47;alfred-nobel&#47;alfred-nobels-will</a>&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0010"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Bibliometric analysis of Nobelists&#8217; awards and landmark papers in physiology or medicine during 1983-2012"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Ye"
                            1 => "R&#46; Xing"
                            2 => "J&#46; Liu"
                            3 => "F&#46; Xing"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.3109/07853890.2013.850838"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Med"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "45"
                        "paginaInicial" => "532"
                        "paginaFinal" => "538"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24195599"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0015"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "All Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine &#91;Internet&#93;&#46; &#91;Accessed 12 November 2021&#93;&#46; Available from&#58; <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/lists/all-nobel-laureates-in-physiology-or-medicine">https&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;nobelprize&#46;org&#47;prizes&#47;lists&#47;all-nobel-laureates-in-physiology-or-medicine</a>&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/22548874/0000022200000006/v1_202206040654/S2254887422000145/v1_202206040654/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "71813"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "en" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Correspondence"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/22548874/0000022200000006/v1_202206040654/S2254887422000145/v1_202206040654/en/main.pdf?idApp=WRCEE&text.app=https://revclinesp.es/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2254887422000145?idApp=WRCEE"
]
Share
Journal Information
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Correspondence
Nobel prizes and their influence on the areas of knowledge of various medical specialties
Premios Nobel y su influencia en las áreas de conocimiento de varias especialidades médicas
J.M. Trejo-Gabriel-Galán
Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain

Purchase article

For the purchase of this article it is necessary to fill in the following form:

Afganistan
Albania
Alemania
Andorra
Angola
Anguilla
Antartica
Antigua and barbuda
Antillas holandesas
Arabia saudita
Argelia
Argentina
Armenia
Aruba
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belarus
Belgica
Belice
Benin
Bermudas/antillas britanicas
Bhutan
Bolivia
Bosnia y herzegowina
Botswana
Brasil
Brunei darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina faso
Burundi
Cabo verde
Camboya
Camerun
Canada
Chad
Chile
China
Chipre
Colombia
Comoros
Corea
Costa rica
Cote d´ivoire
Croacia
Cuba
Dinamarca
Djibouti
Dominica
East timor
Ecuador
Egipto
El salvador
Emiratos arabes unidos
Eritrea
Escocia
Eslovaquia
Eslovenia
España
Estados federados de micronesia
Estados unidos
Estonia
Etiopia
Fiji
Filipinas
Finlandia
Francia
Gabon
Gambia
Georgia
Ghana
Gibraltar
Grecia
Grenada
Groenlandia
Guadalupe
Guam
Guatemala
Guayana britanica
Guinea
Guinea ecuatorial
Guinea francesa
Guinea-bissau
Haiti
Holanda
Honduras
Hong kong
Hungria
India
Indonesia
Irak
Iran
Irlanda
Isla bouvet
Isla cocos (keeling)
Isla cook
Isla mauricio
Isla navidad
Isla norfolk
Islandia
Islas caiman
Islas falkland (malvinas)
Islas faroe
Islas georgia del sur y sandwich
Islas heard and mc donald
Islas marshall
Islas northern mariana
Islas salomon
Islas svalbard and jan mayen
Islas turks and caicos
Islas united states minor outlyi
Islas virgenes (britanicas)
Islas virgenes (u.s.a.)
Islas wallis and futuna
Israel
Italia
Jamaica
Japon
Jordania
Kazakhstan
Kenia
Kiribati
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Lesoto
Letonia
Libano
Liberia
Libia arab jamahiriya
Liechtenstein
Lituania
Luxemburgo
Macao
Macedonia
Madagascar
Malasia
Malawi
Maldives
Mali
Malta
Marruecos
Martinica
Mauritania
Mayotte
Mexico
Monaco
Mongolia
Monserrat
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nauru
Nepal
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Niue
Noruega
Nueva caledonia
Nueva zelanda
Oman
Pakistan
Palau
Panama
Papua new guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Pitcairn
Polinesia francesa
Polonia
Portugal
Posesiones gran bretaña
Posesiones u.s.a.
Puerto rico
Qatar
Reino unido
Republica checa
Republica de africa central
Republica de cabo verde
Republica de congo
Republica de corea
Republica de moldova
Republica democratica de laos
Republica democratica del congo
Republica dominicana
Reunion
Ruanda
Rumania
Rusia
Sahara occidental
Saint kitts and nevis
Samoa
Samoa americana
San marino
San tomas y principe
San vincent and the grenadines
Santa lucia
Senegal
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra leona
Singapur
Siria
Somalia
Sri lanka
St. helena
St. pierre and miquelon
Sudafrica
Sudan
Suecia
Suiza
Surinam
Swaziland
Tailandia
Taiwan republica de china
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Territorio de indias britanicas
Togo
Tokelau
Tonga
Trinidad and tobago
Tunisia
Turkmenistan
Turquia
Tuvalu
Ucrania
Uganda
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Vaticano
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yemen
Yugoslavia
Zambia
Zimbawe
Lebanon
Paises bajos
A coruña
Alava
Albacete
Alicante
Almeria
Asturias
Avila
Badajoz
Balears
Barcelona
Bizkaia
Burgos
Caceres
Cadiz
Cantabria
Castellon
Ceuta
Ciudad real
Cordoba
Cuenca
Girona
Granada
Guadalajara
Guipuzcoa
Huelva
Huesca
Jaen
La rioja
Las palmas
Leon
Lleida
Lugo
Madrid
Malaga
Melilla
Murcia
Navarra
Ourense
Palencia
Pontevedra
Salamanca
Segovia
Sevilla
Soria
Tarragona
Tenerife
Teruel
Toledo
Valencia
Valladolid
Zamora
Zaragoza
-- Not applicable --
I accept to receive information about Elsevier's special products and promotions by email
I accept to receive information about products and special promotions from Elsevier partners by email
I have read and understand the Privacy Policy and Terms and conditions and agree to be bound by all of its terms.
* Required fields
In addition to temporary access to the article, it will be sent by email.
Customer Support
Phone
Calls from Spain
932 415 960
Calls from abroad
+34 932 415 960
Hours from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. except the months of July and August, which will be from 9 am to 3 pm.
Idiomas
Revista Clínica Española (English Edition)
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?