Original article
Prospective study of restless legs syndrome in a blood donors’ sample
Estudio prospectivo del síndrome de piernas inquietas en una muestra de donantes de sangre
Laura Lillo-Trigueroa, Alejandro Del Castillo-Ruedab, José María Bellónc, Rosa Peraita-Adradosd,
Corresponding author
rosa-peraita@telefonica.net
Corresponding author at: Sleep Unit—Clinical Neurophysiology Service, University General Hospital and Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, University Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Dr. Esquerdo, 46, Madrid 28007, Spain.
Corresponding author at: Sleep Unit—Clinical Neurophysiology Service, University General Hospital and Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, University Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Dr. Esquerdo, 46, Madrid 28007, Spain.
a Neurology and Sleep Unit, Ruber International Hospital, Madrid, Spain
b Internal Medicine Department, University General Hospital and Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, University Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
c Biostatistics, Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, University Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
d Sleep and Epilepsy Unit—Clinical Neurophysiology Service, University General Hospital and Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, University Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
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"<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Alejandro" "apellidos" => "Del Castillo-Rueda" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "José" "apellidos" => "María Bellón" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 3 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Rosa" "apellidos" => "Peraita-Adrados" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "rosa-peraita@telefonica.net" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Neurology and Sleep Unit, Ruber International Hospital, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ 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] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Estudio prospectivo del síndrome de piernas inquietas en una muestra de donantes de sangre" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1903098" "palabras" => array:6 [ 0 => "Blood donors" 1 => "Ferritin" 2 => "Gender" 3 => "Non-anemic iron deficiency" 4 => "Restless legs syndrome" 5 => "Transferrin" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1903099" "palabras" => array:6 [ 0 => "Donantes de sangre" 1 => "Ferritina" 2 => "Género" 3 => "Deficiencia de hierro no anémica" 4 => "Síndrome de piernas inquietas" 5 => "Transferrina" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Background and objectives</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Blood donation is suggested to increase the risk of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS). This study aims to assess the prevalence of RLS in Spanish blood donors and determined its potential correlation with iron metabolism parameters.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Materials and methods</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Prospective cohort study of 129 blood donors (54.3% men, 39.44 years ± 11.0) that underwent a physical examination, blood analysis (hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin saturation index and soluble transferrin receptor) and a RLS screening questionnaire followed by a prospective follow-up study including a clinical phone interview. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to examine the association between RLS and other variables.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Eighty-four (65.1%) participants were repeat blood donors (mean of 2.11 donations/year) at inclusion and 61 (47.4%) at follow-up (mean of 2.09 donations/year). Non-anemic iron deficiency (ferritin < 50 µg/L) was high in women p < 0.001 and in repeat donors (p = 0.003). The prevalence of RLS was 14.1% at inclusion increasing prospectively (19.5%; p = 0.065). On multivariate analysis, gender was the only variable significantly associated with a RLS diagnosis, being higher in women (OR 5.1; 95% CI 1.71-15.3; p = 0.003).</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Despite the high prevalence of non-anemic iron deficiency there was no association between ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor concentration values and RLS diagnosis. Gender was associated with RLS diagnosis regardless of other variables.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Background and objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Antecedentes y objetivos</span><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Hay especialistas que sugieren que la donación de sangre aumenta el riesgo de síndrome de piernas inquietas (SPI). Este estudio pretende evaluar la prevalencia del SPI en donantes de sangre españoles y determinar su posible correlación con parámetros del metabolismo del hierro.</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Materiales y métodos</span><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio de cohorte prospectivo de 129 donantes de sangre (54,3% hombres, 39,44 años ± 11,0) a los que se les realizó una exploración física, un análisis de sangre (hemoglobina, ferritina, índice de saturación de transferrina y receptor soluble de transferrina) y un cuestionario de cribado de SPI seguido de un estudio de seguimiento prospectivo que incluyó una entrevista clínica telefónica. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logística multivariante para examinar la asociación entre el SPI y otras variables.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ochenta y cuatro (65,1%) participantes eran donantes de sangre repitientes (media de 2,11 donaciones/año) en la inclusión y 61 (47,4%) en el seguimiento (media de 2,09 donaciones/año). La deficiencia de hierro no anémica (ferritina < 50 µg/L) fue alta en mujeres p < 0,001 y en donantes repitientes (p = 0,003). La prevalencia de RLS fue del 14,1% en la inclusión aumentando prospectivamente (19,5%; p = 0,065). En el análisis multivariado, el género fue la única variable significativamente asociada con un diagnóstico de RLS, siendo mayor en mujeres (OR 5,1; IC 95% 1,71-15,3; p = 0,003).</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A pesar de la alta prevalencia de deficiencia de hierro no anémica no hubo asociación entre los valores de ferritina, concentración del receptor soluble de transferrina y el diagnóstico de RLS. 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