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and have not explored the actual and patient-perceived support for the disease&#46; The present study was established based on a cohort of patients with HF recruited in hospital emergency departments&#44; with the main objective of understanding patient perception of the disease&#44; treatment&#44; degree of support and type of follow-up after discharge for a decompensation&#46; Secondly&#44; the study investigated whether there is a relationship between the specialist who performs the follow-up and the medium-term prognosis&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Patients and methods</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The SOPICA IN SPAIN &#40;Support for Patients with Heart Failure In Spain&#41; study is an observational&#44; prospective multicenter&#44; survey-based study&#44; with consecutive enrollment and cohort follow-up&#46; The patients were selected during their stay in an emergency department for an acute HF &#40;AHF&#41; episode&#44; following the Framingham criteria because we considered that the patients treated in emergency departments corresponded to a heterogeneous and representative mixture of all patients with HF&#44; regardless of the level of care and the practitioner involved in their follow-up&#46; The inclusion criterion was that the patient was previously diagnosed with HF&#44; which was corroborated by the hospital or primary care medical record&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">During the patients&#8217; stay in the emergency department&#44; the following data were collected&#58; demographic data &#40;age and sex&#41;&#44; comorbidities&#44; baseline condition &#40;New York Heart Association &#91;NYHA&#93; functional class&#44; Barthel index and type of dysfunction by echocardiography when there was a previous study&#41;&#44; home treatment&#44; clinical and laboratory data from the emergency department and the final destination &#40;discharge or hospitalization&#41;&#46; Subsequently&#44; a single professional interviewer &#40;independent of the research team and blind to the clinical data&#41; conducted the telephone interviews with the patients between 3 and 6 months after the AHF episode&#46; Prior to the patient interview&#44; the interviewer attended 2 meetings with the researchers to familiarize the interviewer with the study&#44; the disease and the nature of the questions&#46; Twenty-four questions were prepared&#44; divided into 2 blocks&#58; patient perception of the disease and treatment &#40;16 questions&#41; and perceived support from the community and healthcare system &#40;8 questions&#41;&#46; Regarding questions on the medical specialists who participated in the follow-up&#44; it was clearly specified that these questions were related to the specialists who had been involved in monitoring the patient&#39;s HF from their care in the emergency department &#40;the index episode&#41; to the follow-up telephone call&#44; without including the visits planned for after the telephone call&#44; if these visits had still not been conducted&#46; This telephone call was conducted between 3 and 6 months after the AHF episode&#46; The patients were interviewed according to a randomized list&#46; The exclusion criteria were cognitive deficiency that impeded the interview or death prior to the telephone call&#46; A case was considered lost after 4 failed attempts to contact the patient at various times of the day&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study was performed during the patient inclusion period of the EAHFE-4 Registry &#40;January&#8211;February 2014&#41;&#46; The characteristics and dynamics of this Registry can be consulted in previous studies&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;11</span></a> Of the 27 Spanish emergency departments participating in the EAHFE-4 Registry&#44; 7 were chosen for participation in the SOPICA IN SPAIN study by convenience criteria based on their high capacity for recruitment and follow-up &#40;Hospital Clinic&#44; University Hospital of Bellvitge&#44; Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau&#44; Hospital del Mar&#44; University Central Hospital of Asturias&#44; Hospital Clinic San Carlos&#44; University Hospital Gregorio Mara&#241;&#243;n&#41;&#46; We estimated that the 7 emergency departments would include between 1050 and 1400 patients&#46; The design planned to survey all patients from these centers to avoid a selection bias&#46; The research ethics committees of the hospitals approved the study&#44; and all patients signed the informed consent&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The quantitative variables are presented as mean and standard deviation &#40;SD&#41; or as median and 25th&#8211;75th percentiles &#40;p25&#8211;75&#41;&#46; The qualitative variables are presented as absolute values and percentages&#44; with their 95&#37; confidence interval &#40;95&#37; CI&#41;&#46; The qualitative variables of opinion were secondarily transformed into quantitative values on a scale of 0&#8211;10 as follows&#58; very little&#44; 0 points&#59; little&#44; 2&#46;5 points&#59; normal&#44; 5 points&#59; high&#44; 7&#46;5 points&#59; very high&#44; 10 points&#46; The comparison between these quantitative results was performed 2 to 2 using the Wilcoxon test&#46; For some of the comparisons&#44; a value of 100 was assigned to the best-assessed option&#44; and the rest were scored relative to this value&#46; Using survival curves &#40;Kaplan&#8211;Meier method and log-rank test&#41;&#44; the study analyzed the cumulative chances of a readmission to the emergency department and hospitalization for AHF after emergency department care according to the physician who was involved in the patient follow-up&#46; This effect was progressively adjusted by groups of potential confounders of the relation of interest using Cox regression&#46; The adjusted hazard ratios &#40;HR&#41; were calculated&#44; using 1 if the patient had been monitored in an outpatient setting by the analyzed specialty or 0 otherwise&#46; The models were as follows&#58; Model 1 included the demographic variables&#59; model 2 added the comorbidity variables to the previous model&#59; model 3 included the baseline state variables&#59; model 4 included the home treatment variables&#59; model 5 included the clinical and laboratory variables in the emergency department&#59; model 6 included the final condition &#40;discharge from emergency department or hospitalization&#41;&#59; and model 7 included the participation of the various specialists in the subsequent monitoring after the AHF episode&#46; A value of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05 or a 95&#37; CI of the HR that included the value 1 were considered statistically significant&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Results</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The 7 participating hospitals selected 1148 patients&#44; 834 of whom were eligible &#40;179 excluded for the episode being the first and 135 for death prior to the telephone call&#41;&#46; Ultimately&#44; 785 patients were included in the SOPICA IN SPAIN study&#44; because 49 patients could not be contacted by telephone&#46; It is worth noting the patients&#8217; advanced age &#40;80 &#91;SD 10&#93; years&#41;&#44; the predominance of women &#40;58&#37;&#41; and the high comorbidity&#46; Twenty percent of the patients had an NYHA functional class of III&#47;IV&#44; and 10&#37; had severe dependence &#40;Barthel index &#60;60 points&#41;&#46; There was a high percentage of patients with HF who were not treated with beta-blockers &#40;55&#37;&#41;&#44; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers &#40;40&#37;&#41;&#46; The rest of the characteristics are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#46; At the time of the interview&#44; 37&#37; of the patients had returned to the emergency department and 20&#37; had been hospitalized&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In terms of the perception of the disease&#44; 33&#37; &#40;95&#37; CI 30&#8211;36&#37;&#41; of the patients considered their disease to be mild&#44; 64&#37; &#40;60&#8211;67&#37;&#41; required some assistance from third parties for daily life activities&#44; and 7&#37; &#40;5&#8211;9&#41; completely depended on such help&#46; In addition&#44; 49&#37; &#40;45&#8211;52&#37;&#41; had lost the ability to perform common activities since the AHF episode&#44; at least from their subjective perception &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46; In terms of the perception of the HF treatment&#44; 65&#37; &#40;61&#8211;68&#37;&#41; of the patients had perceived no change in their treatment in recent months&#44; 69&#37; &#40;68&#8211;72&#37;&#41; believed that they had always been administered the same treatment during the exacerbations&#44; 24&#37; &#40;21&#8211;27&#37;&#41; would participate in a clinical trial with new drugs&#44; and 1&#37; &#40;1&#8211;2&#37;&#41; used alternative therapies&#46; In terms of perceived support&#44; patients perceived the most support from the family &#40;7&#46;08 points&#44; with a maximum score of 10&#41; and the lowest from patient associations &#40;0&#46;30 points&#41;&#44; with statistically significant differences&#46; In terms of the healthcare system&#44; increasing support was perceived in the health center&#44; emergency department and hospital &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There were no significant differences in the outcome variables &#8220;New emergency department visit&#8221; or &#8220;Hospitalization&#8221; based on whether the family doctor&#44; cardiologist&#44; internist or geriatrician had participated in the follow-up during the time between the emergency department visit for AHF and the telephone call &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46; This lack of significant difference between the participation or not in the clinical follow-up of the 4 analyzed specialists remained when this variable &#40;specialist&#41; was adjusted in practically all the proposed models &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig&#46; 3</a>&#41;&#46; Additionally&#44; the analysis of the various models showed consistent results&#44; with the association with each specialist remaining constant at all times&#44; both in the revisits to the emergency department and in the hospitalizations&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discussion</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study provides information that until now has not been reported in Spain&#44; because it includes more heterogeneous patients than studies published so far and followed-up by a specific type of specialist&#46; There are 3 main contributions of the SOPICA IN SPAIN study&#46; First&#44; patients with HF have a poor perception of the severity of their disease and believe that the treatment they undergo in their baseline situation and during their exacerbations is usually the same&#46; Second&#44; patients perceive a varying degree of support among the various societal elements and healthcare system&#44; with the greatest support coming from the family and the least from patient associations&#46; Third&#44; there appears to be no differences in terms of new emergency department visits or the need for hospitalization after an AHF episode based on whether the follow-up involved family doctors&#44; cardiologists&#44; internists or geriatricians&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patients&#8217; poor perception of the severity of their chronic diseases has been previously reported&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> In this study&#44; a third of the patients with HF considered their disease mild&#44; despite the fact that mortality at 1 year after the diagnosis reaches 20&#8211;30&#37; in a number of series&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13&#44;14</span></a> The cause of this perception is not clear but could be related to the assumption by patients and even doctors that the presence of age-related diseases &#40;such as HF&#41; as part of the physiological process of aging&#46; This certain &#8220;ageism&#8221; also explains a limiting of evidence-based HF treatments in the elderly&#46; Moreover&#44; the patient&#39;s lack of knowledge as to the severity of their disease is reflected in the low number of patients who had filled out an advance directives document&#44; a finding similar to previous studies&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12&#44;15</span></a> Finally&#44; the patient&#39;s perception that few therapeutic changes were introduced during the exacerbation is in line with the few advances in AHF&#44; whose treatment is usually limited to diuretics&#44; oxygen therapy and&#44; in less than 25&#37; of cases&#44; vasodilators&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;16</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Functionally&#44; 1 in every 7 patients required assistance for the basic activities of daily life and half lost their ability to conduct their standard activities after the AHF episode&#46; These data show the syndrome&#39;s considerable functional impact and the need for performing an interdisciplinary assessment and intervention that prevents dependence and reduces the risk of short-term adverse events&#46; Thus&#44; it is not surprising that the greatest support perceived by patients with HF comes from the family&#44; given that it is the first care setting that patients count on&#46; Studies have shown that although patients remember self-care advice&#44; integrating it into their daily life is not easy&#46; The strategies should therefore include patients and caregivers to promote the actual self-sufficiency of these measures&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The better perception of support from the hospital&#44; ahead of that from health centers&#44; is related to the hospital-focused healthcare organization that has been implemented in Spain in recent decades&#44; especially from the citizens&#8217; perspective&#46; The value that emergency departments add to hospitals is also well perceived by patients&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> as an essential support area&#44; probably due to its extensive implementation and uninterrupted care&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> which ensures continuity of care and the connection between hospitals and primary care for patients with chronic diseases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> It is also worth noting that&#44; for a certain segment of the population&#44; religion continues to provide support to patients with the disease&#44; in contrast with the perception of virtually no support from patient associations&#46; The cause of this perception might lie in the scarcity of associations for patients with HF&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> as opposed to those for other diseases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22&#44;23</span></a> The SOPICA IN SPAIN study did not analyze the role of specialized units in HF because not all participating centers had them&#44; and only approximately 40&#37; of Spanish hospitals have these units&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24&#44;25</span></a> Specialized units could potentially provide good support for these patients&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26&#44;27</span></a> although this supposition needs to be checked in future studies&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients with HF usually have the characteristics of complex chronic patients&#44; and thus their treatment often requires a multidisciplinary approach&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;28</span></a> Our study showed that 61&#37; of the patients had the joint participation of family doctors and hospital specialists during the 3&#8211;6 months following an episode of decompensation&#46; The most frequently involved specialist was the cardiologist&#46; However&#44; no specialist was a determinant in achieving better follow-up results&#44; at least in terms of a new emergency department visit or hospitalization&#44; even considering the different patient profile managed by each specialist&#46; Given the fact that the patients often have multiple diseases&#44; the benefit is probably the result of the joint participation of various specialists&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29&#44;30</span></a></p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our study has a number of limitations&#46; First&#44; the interview was not conducted immediately after the AHF episode &#40;memory bias&#41;&#46; Second&#44; it can be difficult to reach firm conclusions concerning issues related to HF&#44; the follow-up and prognosis after an exacerbation episode through a single interview&#44; although numerous questions refer to the stable phase of the disease&#44; which is usually well known by the patient&#46; Third&#44; the hospital sample was one of convenience&#44; and all were tertiary &#40;selection bias&#41;&#46; As a result&#44; patients treated in secondary or regional hospitals could have different support possibilities and perceptions&#46; Nevertheless&#44; the consecutive inclusion of all patients at the 7 participating centers might have minimized this center selection bias&#46; Lastly and due to the study design&#44; the exclusion of patients who died could have resulted in a selection of those with more positive opinions or perceptions&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion&#44; the SOPICA IN SPAIN study reveals the need to &#40;1&#41; inform patients and caregivers of the vital HF prognosis&#59; &#40;2&#41; include family members in the intervention programs&#44; given that they are the main support perceived by patients&#59; and &#40;3&#41; ensure good follow-up after an AHF episode&#44; although no specialty that participates in the treatment yields different results in the medium term&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Funding</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The present study was made possible in part thanks to grants <span class="elsevierStyleGrantNumber" refid="gs1">PI15&#47;01019&#44; PI15&#47;00773&#44; PI11&#47;01021 and PI10&#47;01918</span> of the Carlos III Health Institute from funds from the <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs1">Ministry of Health&#44; Social Services and Equality</span> &#40;MSSSI&#41; and <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs2">European Regional Development Fund</span> &#40;ERDF&#41;&#44; to grants from the <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs3">Government of Catalonia</span> for Consolidated Research Groups &#40;GRC 2009&#47;1385 and 2014&#47;0313&#41; and to a grant from the <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs4">La Marat&#243; Foundation</span> of TV3 &#40;20152510&#41;&#46; The ICA-SEMES group received unconditional assistance from Orion-Pharma&#44; Otsuka and Novartis Spain&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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            1 => "Acute heart failure"
            2 => "Survey"
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            4 => "Patient follow-up"
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            0 => "Insuficiencia cardiaca"
            1 => "Insuficiencia cardiaca aguda"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To understand the perceptions of patients with heart failure &#40;HF&#41; concerning their disease&#44; treatment and support&#44; as well as the specialists who provide care after a decompensation&#44; and to determine whether there is a relationship between the type of specialist involved in the follow-up and the medium-term prognosis&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A multicentre&#44; prospective cohort study consecutively included patients with acute HF in the emergency department&#46; The patients were interviewed by telephone 91&#8211;180<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>days after their emergency department visit&#46; We investigated the relationship between the type of specialist who performed the follow-up and the emergency department visits or hospitalisations using Cox regression models&#44; with progressive adjustment by groups of potential confounders of these relationships&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We interviewed 785 patients&#46; Thirty-three percent &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 30&#8211;36&#37;&#41; considered their disease mild&#44; 64&#37; &#40;60&#8211;67&#37;&#41; required help from third parties for daily activities&#44; 65&#37; &#40;61&#8211;68&#37;&#41; had no recent therapeutic changes&#44; and 69&#37; &#40;67&#8211;72&#37;&#41; received the same treatment in the exacerbations&#46; The perceived support varied significantly depending on the factor under consideration &#40;from greater to lesser&#58; family&#44; hospital&#44; emergency department&#44; health center&#44; religion and patient associations&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05 in all comparisons&#41;&#46; Thirty-nine percent &#40;36&#8211;43&#37;&#41; of the patients with decompensations consulted directly with the emergency department&#44; with no prior changes in treatment&#46; At discharge&#44; general practitioners &#40;74&#37;&#44; 71&#8211;77&#37;&#41; and cardiologists &#40;74&#37;&#44; 70&#8211;77&#37;&#41; were the most involved in the follow-up&#44; although the specialty was not related to the prognosis&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">There are various aspects of the perception of patients with HF concerning their disease that are susceptible to future interventions&#46; Patient follow-up involves various specialties&#44; but all achieve similar results in the medium term&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Conocer la percepci&#243;n de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca &#40;IC&#41; sobre su enfermedad&#44; tratamiento y soporte&#44; as&#237; como los especialistas que intervienen tras una descompensaci&#243;n&#44; y si existe relaci&#243;n entre el tipo de especialista involucrado en el seguimiento y el pron&#243;stico a medio plazo&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio de cohortes multic&#233;ntrico&#44; prospectivo&#44; con inclusi&#243;n consecutiva en urgencias de pacientes con IC aguda&#46; Se entrevistaron telef&#243;nicamente los pacientes a los 91-180<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>d&#237;as tras la consulta en urgencias&#46; Se investig&#243; la relaci&#243;n entre el tipo de especialista que hac&#237;a el seguimiento y las visitas a urgencias u hospitalizaciones mediante modelos de regresi&#243;n de Cox con ajuste progresivo por grupos de potenciales confusores de la relaci&#243;n de inter&#233;s&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se entrevistaron 785 pacientes&#58; un 33&#37; &#40;IC<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>95&#37;&#58; 30-36&#37;&#41; consideraron su enfermedad leve&#44; un 64&#37; &#40;60-67&#37;&#41; necesitaban ayuda de terceras personas para sus actividades diarias&#44; un 65&#37; &#40;61-68&#37;&#41; no hab&#237;an percibido cambios terap&#233;uticos recientemente y un 69&#37; &#40;67-72&#37;&#41; perciben el mismo tratamiento en las agudizaciones&#46; El soporte percibido vari&#243; significativamente dependiendo del factor considerado &#40;de mayor a menor&#58; familia&#44; hospital&#44; urgencias&#44; centro de salud&#44; religi&#243;n y asociaciones de pacientes&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05 en todas las comparaciones&#41;&#46; El 39&#37; &#40;36-43&#37;&#41; de pacientes con descompensaciones consultaron directamente a urgencias sin modificaciones previas del tratamiento y&#44; al alta&#44; el m&#233;dico de cabecera &#40;74&#37;&#44; 71-77&#37;&#41; y el cardi&#243;logo &#40;74&#37;&#44; 70-77&#37;&#41; fueron los m&#225;s involucrados en el seguimiento&#44; aunque la especialidad no se relacion&#243; con el pron&#243;stico&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Existen diversos aspectos de percepci&#243;n del paciente con IC respecto a su enfermedad susceptibles de futuras intervenciones&#46; El seguimiento del paciente involucra a diferentes especialidades&#44; pero todas consiguen resultados similares a medio plazo&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0025"
            "titulo" => "Objetivo"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0030"
            "titulo" => "M&#233;todo"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0035"
            "titulo" => "Resultados"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0040"
            "titulo" => "Conclusi&#243;n"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:2 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Please cite this article as&#58; Mir&#243; &#210;&#44; Escoda R&#44; Mart&#237;n-S&#225;nchez FJ&#44; Herrero P&#44; Jacob J&#44; Rizzi M&#44; et al&#46; Evaluaci&#243;n de los conocimientos y la percepci&#243;n de soporte a la enfermedad en los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca&#46; Estudio SOPICA EN ESPA&#209;A&#46; Rev Clin Esp&#46; 2016&#59;216&#58;237&#8211;247&#46;</p>"
      ]
      1 => array:3 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9674;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020">The components of the ICA-SEMES group included in the <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0035">Appendix</a>&#46;</p>"
        "identificador" => "fn0005"
      ]
    ]
    "apendice" => array:1 [
      0 => array:1 [
        "seccion" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "apendice" => "<p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cristina Gil&#44; Marta Fuentes &#40;University Hospital of Salamanca&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Esther Rodr&#237;guez-Adrada &#40;Hospital Clinic San Carlos&#44; Madrid&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">H&#233;ctor Alonso &#40;Hospital Marqu&#233;s de Valdecillas&#44; Santander&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Emmanuel Coloma&#44; V&#237;ctor Gil &#40;Hospital Clinic of Barcelona&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Mar&#237;a Jos&#233; P&#233;rez-Dur&#225;&#44; Eva Salvo &#40;Hospital La Fe&#44; Valencia&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Jos&#233; Pav&#243;n&#44; Ana Bella &#193;lvarez &#40;Hospital Dr&#46; Negr&#237;n&#44; Las Palmas de Gran Canaria&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Antonio Noval &#40;Insular University Hospital of Gran Canaria&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Manuel Garrido &#40;Hospital Virgen Macarena&#44; Seville&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Jos&#233; M&#46; Torres &#40;Hospital Reina Sof&#237;a of Cordoba&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Maria Luisa L&#243;pez-Grima&#44; Amparo Valero&#44; Mar&#237;a &#193;ngeles Juan-G&#243;mez &#40;Hospital Dr&#46; Peset&#44; Valencia&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Alfons Aguirre&#44; Maria &#192;ngels Pedragosa &#40;Hospital del Mar&#44; Barcelona&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Maria Isabel Alonso&#44; Helena Sancho&#44; Francisco Ruiz &#40;Hospital de Valme&#44; Seville&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Jos&#233; Miguel Franco &#40;Hospital Miguel Servet&#44; Zaragoza&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sergio Pardo &#40;Hospital San Juan of Alicante&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ana Bel&#233;n Mecina &#40;Hospital of Alcorcon&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Josep Tost&#44; Belen de la Fuente Penco&#44; Ant&#242;nia L&#243;pez S&#225;nchez &#40;Terrassa Health Consortium&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Jordi Fabregat &#40;Mutual Hospital of Terrassa&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Francisco Epelde &#40;Health Consortium and University Park Taul&#237;&#44; Sabadell&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Susana S&#225;nchez &#40;Hospital Rio Hortega&#44; Valladolid&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pascual Pi&#241;era &#40;Hospital Reina Sof&#237;a&#44; Murcia&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Raquel Torres Garate &#40;Hospital Severo Ochoa&#44; Legan&#233;s&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Aitor Alquezar &#40;Hospital of San Pau&#44; Barcelona&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Irene Cabello &#40;University Hospital of Bellvitge&#44; l&#8217;Hospitalet de Llobregat&#44; Barcelona&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fernando Richard &#40;Hospital Complex of Burgos&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Javier Lucas &#40;General Hospital of Albacete&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0225" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Roberto Calvache &#40;Hospital of Henares&#44; Madrid&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0230" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Maria Teresa Lorca&#44; Luis Calder&#243;n &#40;Hospital del Tajo&#44; Madrid&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0235" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Rodolfo Romero &#40;Hospital of Getafe&#44; Madrid&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0240" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Rut Gaya &#40;Hospital Joan XXIII&#44; Tarragona&#41;&#59;</p> <p id="par0245" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Isis Ba&#241;o&#44; Patricia Javaloyes &#40;General Hospital of Alicante&#41;&#46;</p>"
            "etiqueta" => "Appendix"
            "titulo" => "Other participants of the ICA-SEMES group"
            "identificador" => "sec0035"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
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        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Degree of support&#44; perceived by patients with heart failure&#44; from the various societal and healthcare agencies for the patients&#8217; disease&#46; &#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;001 in all comparisons with the rest of the groups&#46; &#42;&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;001 in all comparisons with the rest of the groups&#44; except with the Hospital group&#44; for which <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;01&#46; &#42;&#42;&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;001 in all comparisons with the rest of the groups&#44; except with the Family group&#44; for which <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;01&#46;</p>"
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        "identificador" => "fig0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
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        "figura" => array:1 [
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Survival curves for new emergency department consultations and hospital readmissions after emergency department care of an acute heart failure episode&#44; according to the participation &#40;or not&#41; in the patient follow-up of the family doctor&#44; cardiologist&#44; internist and geriatrician&#46; Univariate analysis&#46;</p>"
        ]
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        "etiqueta" => "Figure 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
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        "figura" => array:1 [
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Multivariate analysis of the hazard ratio for new emergency department consultations and hospitalization after emergency department care of an acute heart failure episode&#44; according to the participation &#40;or not&#41; in the patient follow-up of the family doctor&#44; cardiologist&#44; internist and geriatrician&#46; The models were the following&#58; Model 1 included the demographic variables &#40;age and sex&#41;&#59; Model 2 added the comorbidity variables to the previous model &#40;arterial hypertension&#44; diabetes mellitus&#44; dyslipidemia&#44; ischemic heart disease&#44; valvular heart disease&#44; atrial fibrillation&#44; chronic kidney disease&#44; cerebrovascular disease&#44; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and peripheral artery disease&#41;&#59; Model 3 included the baseline state variables &#40;NYHA class&#44; Barthel index&#41;&#59; Model 4 included the home treatment variables &#40;loop or thiazide diuretics&#44; aldosterone receptor antagonists&#44; beta-blockers&#44; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors&#44; angiotensin II receptor antagonists&#44; nitrates and digoxin&#41;&#59; Model 5 included the clinical and laboratory variables in the emergency department &#40;heart and respiratory rates&#44; systolic blood pressure&#44; arterial oxygen saturation&#44; hemoglobin&#44; creatinine&#44; sodium and potassium&#41;&#59; Model 6 included the patient&#39;s final situation &#40;discharge from the emergency department or hospitalization&#41;&#59; and Model 7 included the participation of the various specialists in the subsequent patient check-up after the acute heart failure episode treated in the emergency department &#40;family doctor&#44; cardiologist&#44; internist and geriatrician&#41;&#46;</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviations</span>&#58; ARB-II&#44; angiotensin-II receptor blockers&#59; COPD&#44; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease&#59; AHF&#44; acute heart failure&#59; ACEI&#44; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors&#59; NYHA&#44; New York Heart Association&#59; SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; arterial oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>785&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sociodemographic variables</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Mean age&#44; years &#40;SD&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">80&#46;1 &#40;9&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Female sex&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">456 &#40;58&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Comorbidity&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Arterial hypertension&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">672 &#40;85&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Diabetes mellitus&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">312 &#40;39&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Dyslipidemia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">428 &#40;54&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ischemic heart disease&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">248 &#40;31&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Valvular heart disease&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">231 &#40;29&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Atrial fibrillation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">388 &#40;49&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Chronic kidney disease &#40;creatinine &#62;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">209 &#40;26&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cerebrovascular disease&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">108 &#40;13&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>COPD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">198 &#40;25&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Peripheral artery disease&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">89 &#40;11&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Patient&#39;s baseline state&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Baseline NYHA III-IV&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">157 &#40;20&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Barthel index &#60;60 points&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">79 &#40;10&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Systolic dysfunction demonstrated by echocardiography<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">171 &#40;47&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Home treatment&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Loop diuretics&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">495 &#40;63&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Thiazide diuretics&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">115 &#40;14&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Aldosterone receptor antagonists&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">132 &#40;16&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Beta-blockers&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">349 &#40;44&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ACEI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">258 &#40;32&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ARB II&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">209 &#40;26&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Nitrates&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">141 &#40;18&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Digoxin&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">106 &#40;13&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Data of the current AHF episode&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Heart rate &#40;beats&#47;min&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">88 &#40;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Systolic blood pressure &#40;mmHg&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">143 &#40;25&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Respiratory rate &#40;breaths&#47;min&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21 &#40;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> &#40;percentage&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">93 &#40;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hemoglobin &#40;g&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">119 &#40;21&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Creatinine &#40;mg&#47;dL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;4 &#40;0&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Sodium &#40;mmol&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">138 &#40;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Potassium &#40;mmol&#47;L&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">4&#46;3 &#40;0&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviations</span>&#58; HF&#44; heart failure&#59; DK&#47;NA&#44; don&#8217;t know&#44; no answer&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Total<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>785&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> &#40;&#37;&#59; 95&#37; CI&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Perception of the disease and treatment</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Do you know that you have HF&#63;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">777 &#40;99&#46;0&#59; 98&#46;0&#8211;99&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">8 &#40;1&#46;0&#59; 0&#46;4&#8211;2&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Who told you that you have HF&#63;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Doctor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">771 &#40;98&#46;2&#59; 98&#46;0&#8211;99&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Family&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">14 &#40;1&#46;8&#59; 1&#46;0&#8211;3&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">How would you rate your disease&#63;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Mild&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">260 &#40;33&#46;1&#59; 29&#46;8&#8211;36&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Severe&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">392 &#40;49&#46;9&#59; 46&#46;4&#8211;53&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DK&#47;NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">131 &#40;16&#46;7&#59; 14&#46;1&#8211;19&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Do you know about advance directives documents&#63;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">92 &#40;11&#46;7&#59; 9&#46;6&#8211;14&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">693 &#40;88&#46;3&#59; 85&#46;8&#8211;90&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Have you filled out an advance directives document&#63;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">20 &#40;2&#46;5&#59; 1&#46;6&#8211;3&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">765 &#40;97&#46;5&#59; 96&#46;1&#8211;98&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Since the first episode&#44; have you lost the ability to do things&#63;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">382 &#40;48&#46;7&#59; 45&#46;1&#8211;52&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">403 &#40;51&#46;4&#59; 47&#46;8&#8211;54&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">How would you rate your current baseline state&#63;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I am independent for all day-to-day activities&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">230 &#40;29&#46;3&#59; 26&#46;1&#8211;32&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I need a little help for some day-to-day activities&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">500 &#40;63&#46;7&#59; 60&#46;2&#8211;67&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I depend on third parties&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">55 &#40;7&#46;0&#59; 5&#46;3&#8211;9&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Do you believe that they have given you a different treatment in recent months&#63;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">160 &#40;20&#46;4&#59; 17&#46;6&#8211;23&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">511 &#40;65&#46;1&#59; 61&#46;4&#8211;68&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DK&#47;NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">114 &#40;14&#46;5&#59; 12&#46;1&#8211;17&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">When your condition worsens&#44; does the treatment you are administered seem to</span>&#8230;</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8230; always stay the same&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">542 &#40;69&#46;0&#59; 66&#46;7&#8211;72&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8230; occasionally vary&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">146 &#40;18&#46;6&#59; 15&#46;9&#8211;21&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DK&#47;NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">97 &#40;12&#46;4&#59; 10&#46;1&#8211;14&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Would you try new research drugs in the context of a clinical trial&#63;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">190 &#40;24&#46;2&#59; 21&#46;2&#8211;27&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">303 &#40;38&#46;6&#59; 35&#46;2&#8211;42&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DK&#47;NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">292 &#40;37&#46;2&#59; 33&#46;8&#8211;40&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Do you use alternative treatments&#63;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10 &#40;1&#46;3&#59; 0&#46;6&#8211;2&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">775 &#40;98&#46;7&#59; 97&#46;7&#8211;99&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Type of alternative treatments</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Acupuncture&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">3 &#40;0&#46;4&#59; 0&#46;1&#8211;1&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Herbal therapy&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5 &#40;0&#46;6&#59; 0&#46;2&#8211;1&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Homeopathy&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">2 &#40;0&#46;3&#59; 0&#46;0&#8211;0&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">With regard to your disease and self-care&#44; do you</span>&#8230;</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8230; monitor your salt intake&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">719 &#40;91&#46;6&#59; 89&#46;4&#8211;93&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8230; monitor your fluid intake&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">500 &#40;63&#46;7&#59; 60&#46;2&#8211;67&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8230; weigh yourself regularly&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">539 &#40;68&#46;7&#59; 65&#46;3&#8211;71&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8230; check your daily urine volume&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">218 &#40;27&#46;8&#59; 24&#46;7&#8211;31&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8230; comply with all self-care measures&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">106 &#40;13&#46;5&#59; 11&#46;2&#8211;16&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Support perceived in terms of the disease and treatment</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Assessment of the care offered by the health center for the HF</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">69 &#40;8&#46;8&#59; 6&#46;9&#8211;11&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">98 &#40;12&#46;5&#59; 10&#46;3&#8211;15&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">328 &#40;41&#46;8&#59; 38&#46;3&#8211;45&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>High&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">176 &#40;22&#46;4&#59; 19&#46;5&#8211;25&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very high&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">114 &#40;14&#46;5&#59; 12&#46;1&#8211;17&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Score &#40;quantitative transformation to a scale of 0&#8211;10&#41;&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41; &#40;p25&#8211;75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5&#46;5 &#40;2&#46;8&#41; &#40;5&#46;0&#8211;7&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Assessment of the care offered by the hospital for the HF</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17 &#40;2&#46;2&#59; 1&#46;3&#8211;3&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">18 &#40;2&#46;3&#59; 1&#46;4&#8211;3&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">270 &#40;34&#46;4&#59; 31&#46;1&#8211;37&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>High&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">340 &#40;43&#46;3&#59; 39&#46;8&#8211;46&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very high&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">140 &#40;17&#46;8&#59; 15&#46;2&#8211;20&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Score &#40;quantitative transformation to a scale of 0&#8211;10&#41;&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41; &#40;p25-75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;8 &#40;2&#46;1&#41; &#40;5&#46;0&#8211;7&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Assessment of the care offered by the emergency department for the HF</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">21 &#40;2&#46;7&#59; 1&#46;7&#8211;4&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">36 &#40;4&#46;6&#59; 3&#46;2&#8211;6&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">276 &#40;35&#46;2&#59; 31&#46;8&#8211;38&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>High&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">344 &#40;43&#46;8&#59; 40&#46;3&#8211;47&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very high&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">108 &#40;13&#46;8&#59; 11&#46;4&#8211;16&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Score &#40;quantitative transformation to a scale of 0&#8211;10&#41;&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41; &#40;p25&#8211;75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">6&#46;5 &#40;2&#46;2&#41; &#40;5&#46;0&#8211;7&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Assessment of the care offered by your family for the HF</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">19 &#40;2&#46;4&#59; 1&#46;5&#8211;3&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">35 &#40;4&#46;5&#59; 3&#46;1&#8211;6&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">195 &#40;24&#46;8&#59; 21&#46;9&#8211;28&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>High&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">349 &#40;44&#46;5&#59; 40&#46;9&#8211;48&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very high&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">187 &#40;23&#46;8&#59; 20&#46;9&#8211;27&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Score &#40;quantitative transformation to a scale of 0&#8211;10&#41;&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41; &#40;p25&#8211;75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">7&#46;1 &#40;2&#46;3&#41; &#40;5&#46;0&#8211;7&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Assessment of the care offered by patient associations for the HF</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">745 &#40;94&#46;9&#59; 93&#46;1&#8211;96&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10 &#40;1&#46;3&#59; 0&#46;6&#8211;2&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">14 &#40;1&#46;8&#59; 1&#46;0&#8211;3&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>High&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">11 &#40;1&#46;4&#59; 0&#46;7&#8211;2&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very high&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">5 &#40;0&#46;6&#59; 0&#46;2&#8211;1&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Score &#40;quantitative transformation to a scale of 0&#8211;10&#41;&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41; &#40;p25&#8211;75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">0&#46;3 &#40;1&#46;4&#41; &#40;0&#8211;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Assessment of the care offered by religion for the HF</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">541 &#40;68&#46;9&#59; 65&#46;5&#8211;72&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Little&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">70 &#40;10&#46;1&#59; 7&#46;0&#8211;11&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Normal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">88 &#40;11&#46;2&#59; 9&#46;1&#8211;13&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>High&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">42 &#40;5&#46;4&#59; 3&#46;9&#8211;7&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Very high&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">35 &#40;4&#46;5&#59; 3&#46;1&#8211;6&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Score &#40;quantitative transformation to a scale of 0&#8211;10&#41;&#44; mean &#40;SD&#41; &#40;p25&#8211;75&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">1&#46;6 &#40;2&#46;8&#41; &#40;0&#8211;2&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Who performed the last change in diuretics before going to the emergency department&#63;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Family doctor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">113 &#40;14&#46;4&#59; 12&#46;0&#8211;17&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cardiologist&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">57 &#40;7&#46;3&#59; 5&#46;5&#8211;9&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Internist&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">12 &#40;1&#46;5&#59; 0&#46;8&#8211;2&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Geriatrician&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17 &#40;2&#46;2&#59; 1&#46;3&#8211;3&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Urgent care&#47;Emergency department&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10 &#40;1&#46;3&#59; 0&#46;6&#8211;2&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Myself&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">17 &#40;2&#46;2&#59; 1&#46;3&#8211;3&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Nobody&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">307 &#40;39&#46;1&#59; 35&#46;7&#8211;42&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DK&#47;NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">252 &#40;32&#46;1&#59; 28&#46;8&#8211;35&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Number of doctors who have checked your HF treatment after your stay in the emergency department</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Only the family doctor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">103 &#40;13&#46;1&#59; 10&#46;8&#8211;15&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Only the specialist&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">184 &#40;23&#46;4&#59; 20&#46;5&#8211;26&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Family doctor and specialist&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">478 &#40;60&#46;9&#59; 57&#46;4&#8211;64&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Nobody&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">10 &#40;2&#46;5&#59; 0&#46;6&#8211;2&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DK&#47;NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">12 &#40;1&#46;5&#59; 0&#46;8&#8211;2&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Specialties of the doctors who have checked your HF treatment after your stay in the emergency department</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Family doctor&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">583 &#40;74&#46;3&#59; 71&#46;1&#8211;77&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cardiologist&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">578 &#40;73&#46;6&#59; 70&#46;4&#8211;76&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Internist&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">129 &#40;16&#46;4&#59; 13&#46;9&#8211;19&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Geriatrician&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">90 &#40;11&#46;5&#59; 9&#46;3&#8211;13&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Other&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">24 &#40;3&#46;0&#59; 2&#46;0&#8211;4&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DK&#47;NA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="char" valign="top">12 &#40;1&#46;5&#59; 0&#46;8&#8211;2&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
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              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">There can be more than one specialist per patient&#46;</p>"
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Perceptions of patients with heart failure concerning their disease and treatment and of the support received from the various societal and healthcare agents&#46;</p>"
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      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:30 [
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              "identificador" => "bib0155"
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              "referencia" => array:1 [
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                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
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              "etiqueta" => "2"
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                      "titulo" => "Basal functional status predicts three-month mortality after a heart failure hospitalization in elderly patients &#8212; the prospective RICA study"
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                            0 => "F&#46; Formiga"
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                  "host" => array:1 [
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                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.169"
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            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0165"
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              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas&#44; terap&#233;uticas y evolutivas de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda atendidos en servicios de urgencias espa&#241;oles&#58; Registro EAHFE &#40;Epidemiology of Acute Heart Failure in Spanish Emergency Departments&#41;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
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                            0 => "P&#46; Llorens"
                            1 => "R&#46; Escoda"
                            2 => "O&#46; Mir&#243;"
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            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0170"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A systematic approach to chronic heart failure care&#58; a consensus statement"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "K&#46; Page"
                            1 => "T&#46;H&#46; Marwick"
                            2 => "R&#46; Lee"
                            3 => "R&#46; Grenfell"
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                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25128948"
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            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0175"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Costes sanitarios y no sanitarios de personas que padecen insuficiencia cardiaca cr&#243;nica sintom&#225;tica en Espa&#241;a"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46;F&#46; Delgado"
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Journal Information
Vol. 216. Issue 5.
Pages 237-247 (June - July 2016)
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Vol. 216. Issue 5.
Pages 237-247 (June - July 2016)
Original article
Assessment of the knowledge and perception of support of patients with heart failure SOPICA study IN SPAIN
Evaluación de los conocimientos y la percepción de soporte a la enfermedad en los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca. Estudio SOPICA EN ESPAÑA
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Ò. Miróa,
Corresponding author
, R. Escodaa, F.J. Martín-Sánchezb, P. Herreroc, J. Jacobd, M. Rizzie, A. Aguirref, J.A. Anduezag, H. Buenog,h,i,j, P. Llorensk, on behalf of ICA-SEMES Group
a Área de Urgencias, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Grupo de Investigación «Urgencias: Procesos y Patologías», IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
c Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
d Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
e Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
f Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
g Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
h Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
i Instituto de Investigación i+12 y Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
j Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
k Servicio de Urgencias, Corta Estancia y Hospitalización a Domicilio, Hospital General de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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Tables (2)
Table 1. Characteristics of the patients with heart failure who participated in the SOPICA IN SPAIN study.
Table 2. Perceptions of patients with heart failure concerning their disease and treatment and of the support received from the various societal and healthcare agents.
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Abstract
Objective

To understand the perceptions of patients with heart failure (HF) concerning their disease, treatment and support, as well as the specialists who provide care after a decompensation, and to determine whether there is a relationship between the type of specialist involved in the follow-up and the medium-term prognosis.

Methods

A multicentre, prospective cohort study consecutively included patients with acute HF in the emergency department. The patients were interviewed by telephone 91–180days after their emergency department visit. We investigated the relationship between the type of specialist who performed the follow-up and the emergency department visits or hospitalisations using Cox regression models, with progressive adjustment by groups of potential confounders of these relationships.

Results

We interviewed 785 patients. Thirty-three percent (95% CI: 30–36%) considered their disease mild, 64% (60–67%) required help from third parties for daily activities, 65% (61–68%) had no recent therapeutic changes, and 69% (67–72%) received the same treatment in the exacerbations. The perceived support varied significantly depending on the factor under consideration (from greater to lesser: family, hospital, emergency department, health center, religion and patient associations; p<.05 in all comparisons). Thirty-nine percent (36–43%) of the patients with decompensations consulted directly with the emergency department, with no prior changes in treatment. At discharge, general practitioners (74%, 71–77%) and cardiologists (74%, 70–77%) were the most involved in the follow-up, although the specialty was not related to the prognosis.

Conclusion

There are various aspects of the perception of patients with HF concerning their disease that are susceptible to future interventions. Patient follow-up involves various specialties, but all achieve similar results in the medium term.

Keywords:
Heart failure
Acute heart failure
Survey
Perceived quality
Patient follow-up
Prognosis
Emergency department reconsultation
Hospitalization
Resumen
Objetivo

Conocer la percepción de los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) sobre su enfermedad, tratamiento y soporte, así como los especialistas que intervienen tras una descompensación, y si existe relación entre el tipo de especialista involucrado en el seguimiento y el pronóstico a medio plazo.

Método

Estudio de cohortes multicéntrico, prospectivo, con inclusión consecutiva en urgencias de pacientes con IC aguda. Se entrevistaron telefónicamente los pacientes a los 91-180días tras la consulta en urgencias. Se investigó la relación entre el tipo de especialista que hacía el seguimiento y las visitas a urgencias u hospitalizaciones mediante modelos de regresión de Cox con ajuste progresivo por grupos de potenciales confusores de la relación de interés.

Resultados

Se entrevistaron 785 pacientes: un 33% (IC95%: 30-36%) consideraron su enfermedad leve, un 64% (60-67%) necesitaban ayuda de terceras personas para sus actividades diarias, un 65% (61-68%) no habían percibido cambios terapéuticos recientemente y un 69% (67-72%) perciben el mismo tratamiento en las agudizaciones. El soporte percibido varió significativamente dependiendo del factor considerado (de mayor a menor: familia, hospital, urgencias, centro de salud, religión y asociaciones de pacientes; p<0,05 en todas las comparaciones). El 39% (36-43%) de pacientes con descompensaciones consultaron directamente a urgencias sin modificaciones previas del tratamiento y, al alta, el médico de cabecera (74%, 71-77%) y el cardiólogo (74%, 70-77%) fueron los más involucrados en el seguimiento, aunque la especialidad no se relacionó con el pronóstico.

Conclusión

Existen diversos aspectos de percepción del paciente con IC respecto a su enfermedad susceptibles de futuras intervenciones. El seguimiento del paciente involucra a diferentes especialidades, pero todas consiguen resultados similares a medio plazo.

Palabras clave:
Insuficiencia cardiaca
Insuficiencia cardiaca aguda
Encuesta
Calidad percibida
Seguimiento de pacientes
Pronóstico
Reconsulta a urgencias
Hospitalización

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