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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><elsevierMultimedia ident="tb0005"></elsevierMultimedia></p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Background</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Atrial fibrillation &#40;FA&#41; is the most common type of chronic arrhythmia in the European general population<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> and affects more than 6 million people in Europe&#44; a figure that will double in the coming years&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Individuals who have AF have a 3- to 5-fold greater risk of experiencing heart failure and stroke&#44; respectively&#44; as well as increased mortality&#46; <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">AF also incurs significant hospital costs&#44; estimated at 13&#46;5 billion euros annually in the European Union&#44; which does not include the costs of treatment and outpatient follow-up&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Its prevalence is estimated at approximately 1&#8211;2&#37; in the general population and increases with patient&#39;s age&#44; reaching 5&#8211;15&#37; in those older than 80 years&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> AF is more common in men of all ages<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> and is often asymptomatic&#59; 30&#37; of individuals show no clinical manifestations&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Electrocardiograms &#40;ECG&#41; are therefore necessary to establish the diagnosis and understand the true prevalence of AF&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> Although there are numerous studies on this issue&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#8211;12</span></a> there are few studies that have been performed on the general population&#46; The prevalence of AF in Spain has not been well established due to the lack of population studies&#59; however&#44; a recent review determined that the rate was high&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In addition to age and sex&#44; other risk factors frequently associated with AF have been reported&#44; including arterial hypertension &#40;AHT&#41;&#44; various valvular heart diseases&#44; ischemic heart disease&#44; obesity and diabetes mellitus&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;4&#44;14</span></a> The significant increase observed in the prevalence of obesity and diabetes in recent decades in Western countries could affect the prevalence of AF&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> as could age&#44; given increases in life expectancy&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of AF&#44; using a population design&#44; in an adult population of a country with low cardiovascular risk&#44; such as Spain&#46; The study also attempted to report the most common risk factors associated with AF and determine the percentage of patients treated with oral anticoagulants &#40;ACO&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Methods</span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Study type and patient selection</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study employed a group analysis with individual data from six population-based studies published since 1999 with similar methodologies&#58; ARTPER &#40;Catalonia-Barcelona&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> CSC of the Canary Islands &#40;the Canary Islands&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> CORSAIB &#40;Balearic Islands&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> HERMEX &#40;Extremadura&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> REGICOR &#40;Catalonia-Girona&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> and TALAVERA &#40;Castilla-la Mancha&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> The characteristics of these studies are detailed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#46; Individuals aged 18 years or older were included by random selection after being informed and providing their written consent for participation in the studies&#46; Each of the studies was individually authorized&#59; the DARIOS study was also approved by the Ethics Committee for Clinical Research of the Municipal Health Care Institute &#40;authorization no&#46; 2009&#47;3640&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Study endpoints</span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Questionnaires and physical examination</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The questionnaires for the component studies employed standardized surveys of the World Health Organization&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a> These questionnaires recorded demographic variables&#44; tobacco consumption and history of AHT&#44; dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus&#46; The prevalence of current smokers&#44; former smokers &#40;more than a year&#41; and nonsmokers was calculated&#46; The participants&#8217; history of ischemic heart disease &#40;acute myocardial infarction or angina&#41; and stroke was studied&#46; Furthermore&#44; AF treatment with anticoagulants and&#47;or antiplatelet agents was established&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The physical examinations were performed by trained health professionals&#46; The participants&#8217; blood pressure&#44; weight and height were measured in a standardized manner&#46; Their body mass index &#40;BMI&#41; was calculated by dividing their weight by their height squared &#40;kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;&#46; The prevalence of AHT was calculated based on the survey and with the lower of the two blood pressure readings&#46; Patients were considered to have hypertension if they had been previously diagnosed with the condition or if their systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure was &#8805;140<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg or &#8805;90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm Hg&#44; respectively&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Laboratory measurements</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Blood samples were taken in a standardized manner using a previously described method&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> Briefly&#44; triglyceride&#44; glucose and total cholesterol levels were measured using enzyme methods&#46; When the triglyceride levels were &#60;3&#46;4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mmol&#47;L&#44; the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol &#40;LDL-c&#41; levels were calculated using the Friedewald formula&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients were considered to have hypercholesterolemia if they had been previously diagnosed with the condition or if they had total cholesterol levels<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6&#46;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mmol&#47;L&#46; Hypertriglyceridemia was considered when the participants&#8217; triglyceride levels were &#8805;1&#46;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mmol&#47;L&#46; Patients were considered to have diabetes if there was a prior diagnosis or if they had glycemia levels<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mmol&#47;L&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All of the laboratories met quality requirements in external audits&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#8211;20</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Electrocardiogram</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All participants underwent a 12-lead ECG&#46; In four of the studies &#40;CDC&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> CORSAIB&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> HERMEX<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> and REGICOR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#41;&#44; the ECGs were reported by cardiologists using the Minnesota code&#44; while in the ARPTER<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> and TALAVERA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> studies&#44; the same cardiologist reviewed the ECGs previously diagnosed as AF by a noncardiologist physician&#59; in case of discrepancy&#44; the cardiologist&#39;s opinion prevailed&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To determine correlation&#44; the kappa coefficient was used&#44; considering a value &#62;0&#46;80 as a very good degree of concordance&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Statistical methods</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The sample size was calculated by accepting an alpha error of 0&#46;05&#44; with a precision of &#177;0&#46;01 in a two-tailed test for the worst scenario in a prevalence study&#46; A minimum of 9513 randomly selected individuals from the entire population was required&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The continuous variables are presented as means with their standard deviation and medians with their interquartile range when the distribution was abnormal &#40;glycemia and triglyceride levels&#41;&#59; the categorical variables are presented as proportions&#46; The proportions were compared using the chi-squared test&#44; and the means were compared using the Student&#39;s <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test&#44; using the corresponding tests if they did not meet the conditions for their use&#46; The prevalence of AF was standardized by the direct method&#44; using the European population with the age grouping of 18&#8211;45 years&#44; 45&#8211;59&#46;9 years&#44; 60&#8211;74&#46;9 years and &#8805;75 years&#46; A logistic regression analysis was performed to study the variables associated with the prevalence of AF&#44; adjusting the effect for age&#44; sex and the significantly associated variables in the crude analysis&#46; A <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05 was considered significant&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The statistical program R &#40;R foundation for Statistical Computing&#44; Vienna&#44; Austria&#59; version 2&#46;10&#41; was employed for the analysis&#46;</p></span></span></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Results</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 17&#44;291 individuals were included&#46; Their mean age was 57 years &#40;13&#41;&#44; 47&#46;1&#37; were men and were selected from a target population of 1&#44;948&#44;876 individuals&#46; The response rate was 71&#37;&#46; The general characteristics are listed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The correlation study of the studies in which the ECG was not reported by a cardiologist &#40;ARTPER and TALAVERA&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;20</span></a> showed a kappa index of 0&#46;94 &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 0&#46;88&#8211;0&#46;99&#41;&#44; which is indicative of an excellent correlation&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a> lists the prevalence by sex and age group&#46; A total of 256 individuals were diagnosed with AF &#40;1&#46;4&#37;&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;3&#8211;1&#46;6&#37;&#41;&#46; The prevalence was higher in men &#40;1&#46;9&#37;&#41; than in women &#40;1&#46;1&#37;&#41; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The prevalence increased progressively with age and was very low in patients younger than 45 years and higher in those older than 75 years &#40;6&#46;3&#37;&#41;&#46; There were no significant differences by sex in the age groups &#60;45 years and &#62;75 years&#59; however&#44; the proportion of men with AF was greater in the 45&#8211;59&#46;9 years and 60&#8211;74&#46;9 years age groups &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; After standardizing for the European population&#44; the overall prevalence was 1&#46;1&#37; &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;0&#8211;1&#46;3&#41;&#44; which was once again somewhat higher in men&#44; although with no significant differences when compared with women&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a> details the anticoagulant and&#47;or antiplatelet treatment for AF&#44; stratified by sex&#44; in the patients for whom this treatment was applied &#40;71&#46;4&#37;&#41;&#46; In the latter group&#44; we can see that three of every four patients &#40;74&#46;3&#37;&#41; were anticoagulated&#44; with no differences by sex&#44; although we do not know if the INR range was appropriate&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a> lists the variables associated with the prevalence of AF&#46; In the crude analysis&#44; the following factors were associated with an increased prevalence of AF &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#58; age<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>60 years &#40;50th percentile&#41;&#44; male sex&#44; arterial hypertension&#44; diabetes mellitus&#44; obesity and a history of ischemic heart disease&#44; while tobacco consumption was a significant protector&#46; In the multivariate analysis&#44; tobacco lost statistical significance due to a strong influence of age and sex&#46; An age<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>85 years &#40;OR 7&#46;6&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 5&#46;1&#8211;11&#46;2&#41;&#44; the male sex &#40;OR 1&#46;8&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;4&#8211;2&#46;4&#41;&#44; arterial hypertension &#40;OR 1&#46;6&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;2&#8211;2&#46;1&#41;&#44; obesity &#40;OR 1&#46;5&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;2&#8211;2&#46;1&#41; and a history of ischemic heart disease &#40;OR 1&#46;9&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;3&#8211;3&#46;0&#41; remained risk factors in the multivariate analysis&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Discussion</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The results of the present study concur with those described in the literature that put the overall prevalence of AF between 1&#37; and 2&#37; and indicate a higher prevalence in men and an increasing prevalence with age&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> According to our calculations&#44; the number of individuals with AF could reach half a million in Spain&#46; The risk factors associated with the presence of AF were an age<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>60 years&#44; the male sex&#44; AHT&#44; obesity and a history of coronary artery disease&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Almost 75&#37; of the individuals were on ACO treatment&#44; although this fact should be viewed with caution given that this information was not obtained for the entire population with AF&#59; similarly&#44; we do not know if the range of anticoagulation was appropriate&#46;</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The prevalence of AF in Spain does not come from population studies but rather from hospitalized patients&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> selected patients from primary care centers &#40;4&#46;8&#37;&#59; 6&#46;1&#37;&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24&#44;25</span></a> or from the elderly population &#40;5&#46;6&#37;&#59; 8&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26&#44;27</span></a> Recently&#44; the OFRECE study&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> which included more than 8000 individuals older than 40 years from primary care centers&#44; established a prevalence of 4&#37;&#46; To our knowledge&#44; REGICOR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> was the only population study&#46; It had a wide range of ages and reported an AF prevalence of 0&#46;7&#37; in Girona&#46; The prevalence of AF in our study was low to moderate and was very similar to that observed in Japan&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#8211;12</span></a> although it should be noted that not all our studies included populations older than 75 years&#46; According to figures from the INE&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> the population in Spain older than 75 years is estimated at somewhat more than 4 million inhabitants&#44; i&#46;e&#46;&#44; 8&#46;89&#37; of the current population&#46; The prevalence rates in the Japanese population younger and older than 40 years was 0&#46;9&#37; and 1&#46;6&#37;&#44; respectively&#59; for the DARIOS study&#44; the rate for those older than 40 years was 1&#46;7&#37;&#46; In China&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> this prevalence was reported at 1&#46;1&#37; for individuals older than 35 years&#44; which was only slightly less than the rate in our study&#46;</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In contrast&#44; countries with high cardiovascular disease &#40;CVD&#41; incidence rates &#40;such as the Netherlands&#44; Denmark and North America&#41; generally have a higher prevalence of AF&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#8211;9</span></a> For example&#44; a study in Rotterdam<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> measured a prevalence of AF in individuals older than 55 years as 5&#46;5&#37;&#44; almost twice as high as in our study for the same age &#40;2&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#46; Moreover&#44; the Copenhagen City Heart Study&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> conducted with individuals between the ages of 50 and 89 years&#44; found an AF prevalence of 3&#46;3&#37; in men and 1&#46;1&#37; in women&#44; compared with the 2&#46;3&#37; and 1&#46;8&#37; rates from the DARIOS study&#46; Finally&#44; a study in Framingham<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> with individuals aged 50&#8211;89 years determined an AF prevalence of 3&#46;2&#37;&#44; a rate that was 2&#46;1&#37; in our study for this age range&#46; Although comparisons are difficult given that the Copenhagen<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> and Framingham<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> studies date back to the 1990s&#44; these differences could be even greater at present&#46; The gradual aging of the population in industrial countries could lead to an increased prevalence of this type of arrhythmia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> This hypothesis is supported when comparing the prevalence with a study conducted in the same area &#40;Girona&#41;&#44; which showed that there is an increase in the prevalence of AF&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> This fact has also been observed in other countries&#44; although The Copenhagen City Heart Study showed this increased tendency only in men&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;9&#44;31</span></a></p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The differences in the prevalence of AF in European countries do not appear to be explained solely by the presence of cardiovascular risk factors such as AHT&#44; diabetes and obesity&#44; which are similar in Spain to that observed in northern European countries and the United States&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#44;22</span></a> However&#44; the low incidence of CVD observed in Spain could partially explain the difference because this is a risk factor for developing AF&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2&#44;15</span></a></p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although previous studies have shown a higher prevalence of AF in men than in women&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;10&#44;12</span></a> these differences in Spain are limited to individuals between the ages of 45 and 74 years&#46; The authors of the Rotterdam study found no differences in elderly individuals&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> The prevalence of AF in Chinese women older than 75 years was high&#44; but the low statistical power of the sample could limit the interpretation of this finding&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> The proportion of patients with AF and a history of stroke was low &#40;10&#37;&#41;&#44; considering that this event is a frequent complication of AF&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;3</span></a></p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The high proportion of individuals who were treated with ACO medication observed in our study could explain&#44; at least partially&#44; the findings of a low incidence of stroke in these individuals&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> Unless there are contraindications and provided that the individuals with AF present a CHADVASC score<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44; they are indicated for treatment with antivitamin K agents or new oral anticoagulants &#40;class I level A&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> In our study&#44; almost three out of four individuals were on treatment with ACO&#44; although the collected data precludes establishing their prior embolic risk with the use of the abovementioned scale&#46; These results are greater than in other studies that have reported percentages of patients on treatment to be greater than 50&#37;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31&#44;33</span></a> but they do agree with those recently published by FIATE<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> and AFABE&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a></p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Previous studies have shown that&#44; in addition to age&#44; AF is associated with the male sex&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;10</span></a> hypertension&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;7&#44;36</span></a> CVD<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36</span></a> and obesity&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37</span></a> However&#44; we found no significant association with DM&#44; as reported in previous studies&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;10&#44;14</span></a> nor with hypercholesterolemia&#44; which agrees with Iguchi et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a></p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In terms of the study strengths&#44; the DARIOS study included 11 studies in population-based randomized samples&#44; performed during the first decade of the 21th century&#46; In this study&#44; we were able to use the data from six of these studies due to their use of ECG&#46; These studies represented a population of 2 million individuals&#46; The overall response rate was good &#40;71&#37;&#41;&#46; Furthermore&#44; it is the only population study performed in Spain that includes various autonomous communities and therefore is closest to Spain&#39;s reality&#46;</p><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study&#39;s limitations include the lack of analysis of heart failure&#39;s role as a risk factor&#44; although its influence as a cause or effect is controversial&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> and that of other risk factors such as excessive alcohol consumption&#44; genetic factors&#44; renal failure and valvular heart disease&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> However&#44; it is clearly established that absolute and attributable risk depends mostly on age&#44; sex&#44; AHT&#44; obesity&#44; diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> In addition&#44; only 1 ECG was conducted&#46; We therefore do not know if the AF was permanent or persistent&#44; although this a limitation of most studies and&#44; furthermore&#44; most cases of AF become chronic&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3</span></a></p><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We were unable to obtain information on ACO treatment for all patients with AF&#44; nor can we offer the criteria used to provide anticoagulation therapy to individuals because we do not have all the elements necessary for developing a proven risk scale&#46; We also do not know the percentage of patients in the appropriate INR range&#46;</p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Lastly&#44; the prevalence of AF found in our study could be somewhat higher given that a number of participating studies did not include patients older than 75 years&#44; a population in which the prevalence of AF is significantly increased&#46;</p><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The probability of individuals at risk of developing AF is high<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a>&#59; 63&#37; of the women and 72&#37; of the men in our study had at least 1 clinical condition that increased the risk of presenting AF over time&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a> We therefore need to implement effective measures to prevent a potential epidemic of AF in the coming decades&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a> The measures reported as most effective are the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy&#44; which is very common in patients with hypertension&#44; and treatment with beta-blockers in patients diagnosed with heart failure&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41&#44;42</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Conclusions</span><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Atrial fibrillation is a common disease in elderly individuals&#44; but its prevalence in individuals younger than 60 years is low&#46; Most of the individuals with atrial fibrillation were undergoing anticoagulant treatment&#46; The risk factors for this type of arrhythmia are age&#44; the male sex&#44; hypertension&#44; obesity and a history of coronary artery disease&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Funding</span><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study has been entirely funded by an unconditional grant by <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs1">AstraZeneca</span>&#46; The funding&#44; the investigators and collaborators of the studies participating in DARIOS are listed at <a id="intr0010" class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://www.regicor.org/darios_inv">http&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;regicor&#46;org&#47;darios&#95;inv</a></p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2014-03-01"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2014-06-09"
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          "clase" => "keyword"
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          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec366151"
          "palabras" => array:7 [
            0 => "Atrial fibrillation"
            1 => "Epidemiology"
            2 => "Hypertension"
            3 => "Coronary artery disease"
            4 => "Sex"
            5 => "Obesity"
            6 => "Elderly"
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          "clase" => "keyword"
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          "palabras" => array:7 [
            0 => "Fibrilaci&#243;n auricular"
            1 => "Epidemiolog&#237;a"
            2 => "Hipertensi&#243;n"
            3 => "Enfermedad coronaria"
            4 => "G&#233;nero"
            5 => "Obesidad"
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    "resumen" => array:2 [
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Background and objectives</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Atrial fibrillation &#40;AF&#41; is the most common type of arrhythmia&#46;</p><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of atrial fibrillation and its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in Spain&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methodology</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cross-sectional study based on a grouped analysis of 17&#44;291 randomized individuals recruited in 6 population studies&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The prevalence of atrial fibrillation was 1&#46;5&#37; &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;3&#8211;1&#46;7&#37;&#41;&#46; Men had a greater prevalence of the disease than women &#40;1&#46;9 vs&#46; 1&#46;1&#37;&#44; respectively&#41;&#46; The prevalence of atrial fibrillation progressively increased with age&#58; 0&#46;05&#37; for patients younger than 45 years&#44; 0&#46;5&#37; for those between 45 and 59 years of age&#44; 2&#46;3&#37; for those between 60 and 74 years of age and 6&#46;3&#37; for those older than 75 years&#46; The percentage of individuals who underwent anticoagulant treatment was 74&#46;3&#37;&#46; The risk factors significantly associated with arrhythmia were ages older than 60 years &#40;odds ratio &#91;OR&#93;&#58; 7&#46;6&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 5&#46;1&#8211;11&#46;2&#41;&#44; the male sex &#40;OR&#58; 1&#46;8&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;4&#8211;2&#46;4&#41;&#44; arterial hypertension &#40;OR&#58; 1&#46;6&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;2&#8211;2&#46;1&#41;&#44; obesity &#40;OR&#58; 1&#46;5&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;2&#8211;2&#46;1&#41; and a history of coronary artery disease &#40;OR&#58; 1&#46;9&#59; 95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;3&#8211;3&#46;0&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Atrial fibrillation is a common disease in elderly individuals&#44; while its prevalence is low in individuals younger than 60 years&#46; Most individuals with atrial fibrillation were on anticoagulant treatment&#46; The risk factors for this type of arrhythmia are age&#44; the male sex&#44; hypertension&#44; obesity and a history of coronary artery disease&#46;</p>"
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      "es" => array:2 [
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Antecedentes y objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La fibrilaci&#243;n auricular es la arritmia cr&#243;nica m&#225;s com&#250;n&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El prop&#243;sito de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de la fibrilaci&#243;n auricular y su relaci&#243;n con los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en Espa&#241;a&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Metodolog&#237;a</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio transversal a partir de un an&#225;lisis agrupado de 17&#46;291 individuos aleatorizados reclutados en 6 estudios poblacionales&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La prevalencia de fibrilaci&#243;n auricular fue de 1&#44;5&#37;&#46; &#40;intervalo de confianza 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;3&#8211;1&#44;7&#37;&#41;&#46; Los hombres tuvieron mayor prevalencia que las mujeres &#40;1&#44;9 vs&#46; 1&#44;1&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; La prevalencia de fibrilaci&#243;n auricular se increment&#243; progresivamente con la edad&#58; 0&#44;05&#37; en los menores de 45 a&#241;os&#44; 0&#44;5&#37; entre los 45&#8211;59 a&#241;os&#44; 2&#44;3&#37; entre los 60&#8211;74 a&#241;os&#44; y 6&#44;3&#37; en los mayores de 75 a&#241;os&#46; El porcentaje de individuos que recib&#237;a tratamiento anticoagulante fue de 74&#44;3&#37;&#46; Los factores de riesgo asociados significativamente con la arritmia fueron&#58; edad mayor de 60 a&#241;os &#40;odds ratio &#91;OR&#93;&#58; 7&#44;6&#59; IC 95&#37;&#58; 5&#44;1&#8211;11&#44;2&#41;&#44; sexo masculino &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;8&#59; IC 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;4&#8211;2&#44;4&#41;&#44; hipertensi&#243;n arterial &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;6&#59; IC 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;2&#8211;2&#44;1&#41;&#44; obesidad &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;5&#59; IC 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;2&#8211;2&#44;1&#41;&#44; y antecedentes de enfermedad coronaria &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#58;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;9&#59; IC 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;3&#8211;3&#44;0&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La fibrilaci&#243;n auricular es una enfermedad frecuente en los individuos de mayor edad mientras que su prevalencia es baja en individuos menores de 60 a&#241;os&#46; La mayor&#237;a de los individuos con fibrilaci&#243;n auricular estaban bajo tratamiento anticoagulante&#46; Los factores de riesgo para padecer esta arritmia fueron la edad&#44; el sexo masculino&#44; la hipertensi&#243;n&#44; la obesidad y los antecedentes de enfermedad coronaria&#46;</p>"
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    "NotaPie" => array:2 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Please cite this article as&#58; Baena-D&#237;ez JM&#44; Grau M&#44; For&#233;s R&#44; Fern&#225;ndez-Berg&#233;s D&#44; Elosua R&#44; Sorrribes M&#44; et al&#46; Prevalencia de fibrilaci&#243;n auricular y factores asociados en Espa&#241;a&#44; an&#225;lisis de seis estudios de base poblacional&#46; Estudio DARIOS&#46; Rev Clin Esp&#46; 2014&#59;214&#58;505&#8211;512&#46;</p>"
      ]
      1 => array:3 [
        "etiqueta" => "1"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020">Listado de investigadores del estudio DARIOS en&#58; <a class="elsevierStyleInterRef" id="intr0005" href="http://www.regicor.org/darios_inv">http&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;regicor&#46;org&#47;darios&#95;inv</a>&#46;</p>"
        "identificador" => "fn1"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Variables are expressed as numbers and percentages &#40;&#37;&#41; in the qualitative variables and mean and standard deviation &#40;SD&#41; as mm Hg and mmol&#47;L in the quantitative variables&#59; lost values &#60;3&#37; variables&#46;</p><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Abbreviations&#58; BMI&#58; Body mass index&#59; DBP&#58; Diastolic blood pressure&#59; SBP&#58; Systolic blood pressure&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">245&#47;17&#44;291&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">ASA&#47;antiplatelets&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">26 &#40;24&#46;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">19 &#40;27&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Anticoagulants&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">74 &#40;70&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">124 &#40;70&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;4&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;1&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;3&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11&#46;0 &#40;7&#46;6&#8211;16&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7&#46;6 &#40;5&#46;1&#8211;11&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">100 &#40;1&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Men&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">156 &#40;1&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;8 &#40;1&#46;4&#8211;2&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;8 &#40;1&#46;4&#8211;2&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">226 &#40;1&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">28 &#40;0&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;4 &#40;0&#46;3&#8211;0&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;7 &#40;0&#46;4&#8211;1&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Arterial hypertension</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">95 &#40;0&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">159 &#40;2&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;1 &#40;2&#46;4&#8211;4&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;6 &#40;1&#46;2&#8211;2&#46;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hypercholesterolemia</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">154 &#40;1&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">100 &#40;1&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;1 &#40;0&#46;9&#8211;1&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Not included in model&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hypertriglyceridemia</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">195 &#40;1&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">56 &#40;1&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;1 &#40;0&#46;8&#8211;1&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Not included in model&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Diabetes mellitus</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">196 &#40;1&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">60 &#40;2&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;9 &#40;1&#46;4&#8211;2&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;0 &#40;0&#46;7&#8211;1&#46;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Obesity</span> &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">BMI</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30&#41;</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">139 &#40;1&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">115 &#40;2&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;9 &#40;1&#46;5&#8211;2&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;5 &#40;1&#46;2&#8211;2&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Ischemic heart disease</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">228 &#40;1&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Yes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">28 &#40;5&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;4 &#40;2&#46;9&#8211;6&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;9 &#40;1&#46;3&#8211;3&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab595619.png"
              ]
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            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">50th percentile&#46;</p>"
            ]
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        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Variables associated with the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      4 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "tb0005"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATEXTO"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "texto" => array:1 [
          "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">What we know&#63;</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Atrial fibrillation is the most common type of arrhythmia in the general population&#46; The presence of atrial fibrillation entails an increased risk of heart failure&#44; stroke and death&#46; Neither is the prevalence of atrial fibrillation in Spain precisely known nor whether the changes in prevalence of other cardiovascular risk factors are changing its epidemiology&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">What this article provides&#63;</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study calculated the prevalence of atrial fibrillation&#44; based on six population studies performed in various communities &#40;with a total population of 2 million inhabitants&#41;&#44; to be 1&#46;5&#37;&#44; which increased with age&#46; The associated risk factors were patient age&#44; the male sex&#44; hypertension&#44; obesity and a history of coronary artery disease&#46; Although treatment could not be determined for all cases&#44; two-thirds of the patients were on anticoagulant therapy&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Editors</p></span></span>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:42 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0005"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation&#58; the Task Force for the 2012 focused update of the esc guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation&#46; An update of the 2010 ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46;A&#46; Camm"
                            1 => "G&#46;Y&#46;H&#46; Lip"
                            2 => "R&#46; De Caterina"
                            3 => "I&#46; Savelieva"
                            4 => "D&#46; Atar"
                            5 => "S&#46;H&#46; Hohnloser"
                          ]
                        ]
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Journal Information
Vol. 214. Issue 9.
Pages 505-512 (December 2014)
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Vol. 214. Issue 9.
Pages 505-512 (December 2014)
Original article
Prevalence of atrial fibrillation and its associated factors in Spain: An analysis of six population-based studies. DARIOS Study
Prevalencia de fibrilación auricular y factores asociados en España, análisis de seis estudios de base poblacional. Estudio DARIOS
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J.M. Baena-Díeza,b, M. Graub, R. Forésc, D. Fernández-Bergésd,m,
Corresponding author
polonibo@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, R. Elosuab,e, M. Sorribesf, F.J. Félix-Redondod,g, A. Segurah, F. Rigoi, A. Cabrera de Leónj,k, H. Sanzb, J. Marrugatb, J. Salab,l, en representación del estudio DARIOS 1
a Centro de Salud La Marina e Institut d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
b Grupo de Epidemiología y Genética Cardiovascular; Programa de Investigación en Procesos Inflamatorios y Cardiovasculares, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
c Centro de Salud Riu Nord-Riu Sud, USR Metropolitana Nord, Institut d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
d Unidad de Investigación Grimex, Programa de Investigación Cardiovascular (Pericles), Don Benito-Villanueva, Badajoz, Spain
e CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
f Centro de Salud Numancia, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
g Centro de Salud Villanueva Norte, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Villanueva de la Serena, Badajoz, Spain
h Servicio de Investigación, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla-La Mancha, Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Spain
i Grupo Cardiovascular de Baleares de redIAPP, UB Genova, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
j Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria y del Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
k Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
l Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Josep Trueta, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
m Sección de Cardiología, Servicio Medicina Interna Hospital Don Benito-Villanueva, Badajoz. Spain
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Characteristics of the studies.
Table 2. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation by sex and age group: overall 1.5%.
Table 3. Treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation by age and sex when such treatment was warranted (n=175).
Table 4. Variables associated with the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation.
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Abstract
Background and objectives

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia.

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of atrial fibrillation and its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in Spain.

Methodology

Cross-sectional study based on a grouped analysis of 17,291 randomized individuals recruited in 6 population studies.

Results

The prevalence of atrial fibrillation was 1.5% (95% CI: 1.3–1.7%). Men had a greater prevalence of the disease than women (1.9 vs. 1.1%, respectively). The prevalence of atrial fibrillation progressively increased with age: 0.05% for patients younger than 45 years, 0.5% for those between 45 and 59 years of age, 2.3% for those between 60 and 74 years of age and 6.3% for those older than 75 years. The percentage of individuals who underwent anticoagulant treatment was 74.3%. The risk factors significantly associated with arrhythmia were ages older than 60 years (odds ratio [OR]: 7.6; 95% CI: 5.1–11.2), the male sex (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.4–2.4), arterial hypertension (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2–2.1), obesity (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2–2.1) and a history of coronary artery disease (OR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.3–3.0).

Conclusion

Atrial fibrillation is a common disease in elderly individuals, while its prevalence is low in individuals younger than 60 years. Most individuals with atrial fibrillation were on anticoagulant treatment. The risk factors for this type of arrhythmia are age, the male sex, hypertension, obesity and a history of coronary artery disease.

Keywords:
Atrial fibrillation
Epidemiology
Hypertension
Coronary artery disease
Sex
Obesity
Elderly
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivos

La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia crónica más común.

El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de la fibrilación auricular y su relación con los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en España.

Metodología

Estudio transversal a partir de un análisis agrupado de 17.291 individuos aleatorizados reclutados en 6 estudios poblacionales.

Resultados

La prevalencia de fibrilación auricular fue de 1,5%. (intervalo de confianza 95%: 1,3–1,7%). Los hombres tuvieron mayor prevalencia que las mujeres (1,9 vs. 1,1%, respectivamente). La prevalencia de fibrilación auricular se incrementó progresivamente con la edad: 0,05% en los menores de 45 años, 0,5% entre los 45–59 años, 2,3% entre los 60–74 años, y 6,3% en los mayores de 75 años. El porcentaje de individuos que recibía tratamiento anticoagulante fue de 74,3%. Los factores de riesgo asociados significativamente con la arritmia fueron: edad mayor de 60 años (odds ratio [OR]: 7,6; IC 95%: 5,1–11,2), sexo masculino (OR:1,8; IC 95%: 1,4–2,4), hipertensión arterial (OR:1,6; IC 95%: 1,2–2,1), obesidad (OR:1,5; IC 95%: 1,2–2,1), y antecedentes de enfermedad coronaria (OR:1,9; IC 95%: 1,3–3,0).

Conclusión

La fibrilación auricular es una enfermedad frecuente en los individuos de mayor edad mientras que su prevalencia es baja en individuos menores de 60 años. La mayoría de los individuos con fibrilación auricular estaban bajo tratamiento anticoagulante. Los factores de riesgo para padecer esta arritmia fueron la edad, el sexo masculino, la hipertensión, la obesidad y los antecedentes de enfermedad coronaria.

Palabras clave:
Fibrilación auricular
Epidemiología
Hipertensión
Enfermedad coronaria
Género
Obesidad
Ancianos

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