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array:24 [ "pii" => "S2254887424001103" "issn" => "22548874" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rceng.2024.08.001" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-11-01" "aid" => "2233" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI)" "copyrightAnyo" => "2024" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Clin Esp. 2024;224:580-7" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0014256524001498" "issn" => "00142565" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rce.2024.06.016" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-11-01" "aid" => "2233" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI)" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Clin Esp. 2024;224:580-7" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "es" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original</span>" "titulo" => "El receptor soluble para productos finales de glicación avanzada se correlacionó positivamente con la lesión renal con la enfermedad coronaria" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "580" "paginaFinal" => "587" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products positively correlated to kidney injury with coronary heart disease" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figura 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 2226 "Ancho" => 3341 "Tamanyo" => 278374 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Análisis de correlación entre sRAGE y uACR en pacientes con IAM (A) y análisis ROC de sRAGE, UMA, FGe, SCr, UCr, albúmina y BUN con uACR ≥<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/g en pacientes con IAM (B). Cada punto representa a un paciente individual.</p> <p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">BUN: nitrógeno ureico en sangre; FGe: filtración glomerular estimada; IAM: infarto agudo de miocardio; ROC: característica operativa del receptor; SCr: creatinina sérica; sRAGE: receptor soluble para productos finales de glicación avanzada; uACR: cociente albúmina/creatinina en orina; UCr: creatinina en orina; UMA: microalbúmina en orina.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "L. Chen, X.-J. Zeng, X.-Y. Guo, J. Liu, F-H. Du, C-X. Guo" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Chen" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "X.-J." "apellidos" => "Zeng" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "X.-Y." "apellidos" => "Guo" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Liu" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F-H." "apellidos" => "Du" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C-X." "apellidos" => "Guo" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2254887424001103" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rceng.2024.08.001" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2254887424001103?idApp=WRCEE" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0014256524001498?idApp=WRCEE" "url" => "/00142565/0000022400000009/v1_202411040604/S0014256524001498/v1_202411040604/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2254887424001152" "issn" => "22548874" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rceng.2024.09.001" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-11-01" "aid" => "2228" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI)" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Clin Esp. 2024;224:588-97" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Special article</span>" "titulo" => "Position paper on retinal arterial occlusion. 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Madridano Cobo, F. Jaén Águila, M.E. Salguero Cámara, N. Muñoz Rivas" "autores" => array:12 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "García-Alonso" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Arias-Barquet" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Castilla Guerra" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Martín Asenjo" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A.J." "apellidos" => "Gómez-Escobar" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Gutierrez-Sánchez" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Pagán Escribano" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Lorenzo Hernández" ] 8 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "O." "apellidos" => "Madridano Cobo" ] 9 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Jaén Águila" ] 10 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.E." "apellidos" => "Salguero Cámara" ] 11 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "N." "apellidos" => "Muñoz Rivas" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0014256524001358" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rce.2024.06.012" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0014256524001358?idApp=WRCEE" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2254887424001152?idApp=WRCEE" "url" => "/22548874/0000022400000009/v1_202411040629/S2254887424001152/v1_202411040629/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2254887424001127" "issn" => "22548874" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rceng.2024.08.003" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-11-01" "aid" => "2234" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI)" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Clin Esp. 2024;224:569-79" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "en" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>" "titulo" => "Results of the implementation of the DP-TRANSFERS project in Catalonia: a translational method to improve diabetes screening and prevention in primary care" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "569" "paginaFinal" => "579" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Resultados de la implementación del proyecto DP-TRANSFERS en Cataluña: un método traslacional para mejorar el cribado y la prevención de la diabetes en atención primaria" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J.J. Cabré, F. Barrio, J. Vizcaíno, A. Martínez, T. Mur, R. Sagarra, S. Dalmau" "autores" => array:8 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.J." "apellidos" => "Cabré" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Barrio" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Vizcaíno" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Martínez" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "T." "apellidos" => "Mur" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Sagarra" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Dalmau" ] 7 => array:1 [ "colaborador" => "en nombre del Grupo de Prevención de la DiabetesReus-Tarragona, IDIAP Jordi Gol" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0014256524001504" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rce.2024.06.017" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0014256524001504?idApp=WRCEE" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2254887424001127?idApp=WRCEE" "url" => "/22548874/0000022400000009/v1_202411040629/S2254887424001127/v1_202411040629/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:21 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>" "titulo" => "Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products positively correlated to kidney injury with coronary heart disease" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "580" "paginaFinal" => "587" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Lu Chen, Xiang-Jun Zeng, Xin-Ying Guo, Jian Liu, Feng-He Du, Cai-Xia Guo" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Lu" "apellidos" => "Chen" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Xiang-Jun" "apellidos" => "Zeng" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Xin-Ying" "apellidos" => "Guo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Jian" "apellidos" => "Liu" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Feng-He" "apellidos" => "Du" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 5 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Cai-Xia" "apellidos" => "Guo" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "cxgbb@163.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author at: Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, P.R. China." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "El receptor soluble para productos finales de glicación avanzada se correlacionó positivamente con la lesión renal con la enfermedad coronaria" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1825 "Ancho" => 3341 "Tamanyo" => 319191 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0015" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Correlation analysis between sRAGE and uACR in CHD patients (A), and ROC analysis of sRAGE, UMA, eGFR, SCr, UCr, Albumin and BUN with uACR ≥ 30 mg/g in CHD patients (B).</p> <p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Each dot represents an individual patient. BUN: blood urea nitrogen; CHD: coronary heart disease; eGFR: estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; ROC: receiver operating characteristic; SCr: serum creatinine; sRAGE: soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products; uACR: urinary albumin to creatinine ratio; UCr: urine creatinine; UMA: urine microalbumin.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Previous studies have found that patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) will experience kidney injury and even renal failure.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1–4</span></a> At present, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) ≥ 30 mg/g (increased urinary albumin excretion) is often used to indicate kidney injury and is recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6</span></a> The presence of microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria in CHD patients indicates a serious condition<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7–9</span></a>; and the albuminuria in hospitalized patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is prognostic for increased short-term and long-term mortality.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10–13</span></a> Therefore, it may be possible to improve the prognosis if effective indicators or effectors of high albuminuria in patients with CHD or AMI could be established.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At present, classic cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, altered glucose tolerance or diabetes, high body mass index (BMI), hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking habit, race, a longer CHD duration and a history of chronic heart failure have been proved to cause albuminuria, even if there is no underlying kidney disease.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14–18</span></a> However, it is reported in the literature that albuminuria, especially microalbuminuria is associated with CHD regardless of whether patients have hypertension, diabetes and other risk factors or not, and those with microalbuminuria have a worse prognosis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7–9</span></a> It suggests that there may be other effect factor that plays a role in the occurrence of microalbuminuria in patients with CHD.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Current studies have found that soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), a soluble form of RAGE,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> could bind the various ligands of RAGE, without initiating the signaling cascade induced by the activation of the AGE-RAGE complex, which inhibits the reactive oxygen species generation, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction to mediate the adverse effects of dysglycemia and vascular diseases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20–22</span></a> Thereby, sRAGE has recently emerged as a biomarker in several RAGE-mediated vascular disorders, such as hypertension.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23–25</span></a> Moreover, serum sRAGE has been found to be associated with uACR in patients with hypertension and hyperglycemia, but it has not been reported in patients with CHD. Our previous small sample study found that sRAGE in CHD patients was higher than that in non-CHD patients.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> However, previous study found that higher serum concentration of sRAGE at baseline would be associated with increased risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) in a community-based population, but with no significant association with incident CKD after adjustment.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> Therefore, sRAGE may play an effective role in the progression of kidney injury in patients with CHD.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Based on these past findings, it is hypothesized that higher plasma concentration of sRAGE might be accompanied by albuminuria in the pathogenesis of CHD with kidney injury. Moreover, higher plasma concentration of sRAGE might be a predictor and be used as an indicator of kidney injury in CHD patients. To evaluate the association between sRAGE and kidney injury in CHD patients, clinical patients with CHD were enrolled in this study to analyse the correlation between sRAGE and renal function in different subjects.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Methods</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Trial design</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study was a cross-sectional study. The trial was designed by the authors and approved by the ethics committee at hospital. All funding was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The data were gathered and analysed by the authors. The authors vouch for the accuracy and completeness of the data and all analyses, and for the fidelity of this report to the trial protocol.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Patient and public involvement</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patients who were eligible to participate in the trial if they had the following conditions: agree to participate in this trial and informed consent form has been signed, coronary angiography was performed and the results confirmed CHD, uACR detected, and age ≥18 years old. Patients were excluded for the following reasons: incomplete medical records; acute and chronic infectious diseases; severe liver dysfunction; atrial fibrillation; severe valvular disease with hemodynamic disorders; coagulation dysfunction; pregnant. An independent ethics committee or institutional review board approved the clinical protocol at the study center. CHD is defined as the presence of stenosis in at least one main coronary artery or in its branches with ≥50% blockage. The diagnosis of AMI is associated with cardiac troponin release and is made based on the fourth universal definition of MI.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> The diagnosis of angina pectoris is associated with symptom of angina but without elevation of cardiac troponin or other cardiomyocyte injury/necrosis biomarkers such as creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB).</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Trial procedures</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The subjects were continuously included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, the included subjects were divided into 2 groups: no kidney injury group (uACR < 30 mg/g) and kidney injury group (uACR ≥ 30 mg/g).</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Laboratory parameters determination</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Clinical baseline data collection: the age, gender, BMI, past medical history, medications, etc. of the enrolled patients were obtained from the hospitalized medical records. The patient’s blood glucose (Glu), serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urine creatinine (UCr), urine microalbumin (UMA), uACR, and other biochemical indicators were uniformly tested by the laboratory department of hospital during patients’ hospitalization. All specimens were obtained after 10 to 12 h of fasting on the second day of hospitalization. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by the CKD-EPI China equation with adjusted coefficient of 1.1 for the Chinese population<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>: eGFR<span class="elsevierStyleInf">CKD-EPI(CN)</span> = 141 × min (SCr/k,1)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">α</span> × max (SCr/k,1)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">−1.209</span> × 0.993<span class="elsevierStyleSup">Age</span> × 1.018 (if female) × 1.1, where k is 0.7 for females and 0.9 for males, α is −0.329 for females and −0.411 for males, min is the minimum of SCr/k or 1, and max indicates the maximum of SCr/k or 1.</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Determination of plasma sRAGE: For the enrolled patients, 2 mL of fasting blood was collected in an anticoagulation tube before coronary angiography, centrifuged at 3,000 r/min for 10 min, and the upper plasma was aspirated and stored at −80 °C. The serum sRAGE level was determined by the sRAGE ELISA kit (Aviscora Bioscience, USA, SK00112-01).</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For interpreting the results of coronary angiography, Judkin's method was used for coronary angiography of the enrolled patients, and the left and right coronary angiography in multi-position were conducted by two cardiologists respectively. In the case of the above experts arriving at inconsistent conclusions, the interpretations shall be further judged by relevant third-party expert. Syntax score was used to evaluate the severity of coronary artery stenosis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a></p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">SPSS Statistics 25 (IBM, New York, USA) and Graphpad Prism 6 (Graphpad Software, San Diego, CA, USA) were used for statistical analysis. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is used to detect normality. Baseline characteristics are summarized with frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and with means and standard deviations or median and interquartile range for continuous variables. For normally distributed variables, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test was used to compare the statistics between two groups for normally distributed variables; Mann-Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test was adopted for non-normally distributed variables and the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">χ</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> test or Fisher’s exact probability test was used for categorical variables. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyse the correlation between sRAGE and uACR in the enrolled CHD patients. Binary logistic regression in enrolled CHD patients was used to analyse ‘independent correlates’ when the threshold for defining the dependent variable was set at uACR = 30 mg/g. The area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the ability of different indicators to predict uACR increase (whether uACR ≥ 30 mg/g) and to calculate the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Youden</span> index. C-statistical and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was used to assess the discrimination and calibration from the AUC. Reclassification analysis including net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination index (IDI) was calculated to assess the net clinical benefit.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> Results are considered statistically significant if a 2-sided <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.05 is reported or the 95%<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CI</span> exclude 1.0, without adjustment for multiple comparisons.</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Results</span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Patients</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A total of 127 patients with CHD were enrolled from the hospital. Of these patients, 79 patients were diagnosed with angina pectoris, and 48 patients were diagnosed with AMI. Baseline characteristics of the patients are shown in Table S1 of the Supplementary material.</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Laboratory parameters</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The average sRAGE concentration was 1.83 ± 0.64 μg/L and the median uACR concentration was 9.66 (6.42, 29.55) mg/g in enrolled CHD patients. Compared with no kidney injury group, sRAGE level was elevated in the kidney injury group (2.08 ± 0.70 vs. 1.75 ± 0.61) μg/L with statistically significant (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>, and Table S1). Moreover, in AMI subgroup, the sRAGE concentration was 1.73 ±0.75 μg/L and the uACR concentration was 10.84 (6.46, 41.16) mg/g. Compared with no kidney injury group, sRAGE level was elevated in the kidney injury group (2.09 ± 0.21 vs. 1.58 ± 0.12) μg/L with statistically significant (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1, Fig. 2</a>, and Table S2). These results suggested that serum level of sRAGE was increased in CHD patients with kidney injury, especially in AMI patients with kidney injury, might be an indicator for kidney injury.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0125">Correlation analysis</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To investigate the relationship between sRAGE and uACR, the correlation between sRAGE and uACR was analysed, which showed that sRAGE was positively correlated to uACR in patients with CHD (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span> = 0.196, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.05, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>A), especially in patients with AMI (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span> = 0.382, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.01), reaching significant levels. (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig. 4</a>A). This result indicated that serum level of sRAGE was correlated to kidney injury.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0130">Binary logistic regression analysis</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To explore the influence factors of kidney injury, binary logistic regression in enrolled CHD patients was used. In a stepwise regression analysis model of CHD patients, using uACR ≥ 30 mg/g as the dependent variable and Office Heart Rate, Hypertension or not, CKD or not, Albumin, Uric Acid, Glu, BUN, and sRAGE as the independent variables, it was revealed that Office Heart Rate, Hypertension, BUN and sRAGE were the ‘independent correlates’ of albuminuria in CHD patients (Table S3). Similarly, in another stepwise regression analysis model of AMI patients, using uACR ≥ 30 mg/g as the dependent variable and Office Heart Rate, Office Systolic BP, Hypertension or not, Albumin, Glu, BUN, Total protein, Uric Acid and sRAGE as the independent variables, it was revealed that Office Heart Rate, Hypertension and sRAGE were still the ‘independent correlates’ of albuminuria in AMI patients (Table S4). Descriptive statistics are in Table S2.</p></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0135">ROC analysis</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the enrolled CHD patients, the cutoff value of sRAGE when uACR ≥ 30 mg/g is 1.985 pg/mL, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Youden</span> index = 0.345, sensitivity is 71%, specificity is 63.5%, AUC = C-statistical = 0.660 (95% <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CI</span>: 0.543–0.778), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> = 0.007, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">χ</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleInf">HL</span></span> = 10.599, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> = 0.225, NRI = 0.586, and IDI = 0.056. In the AMI subgroup, the cutoff value of sRAGE when uACR ≥ 30 mg/g is 2.216 pg/mL, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Youden</span> index = 0.525, sensitivity is 64.3%, specificity is 88.2%, AUC = C-statistical = 0.714 (95% <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">CI</span>: 0.532–0.896), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> = 0.021, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">χ</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleInf">HL</span></span> = 10.350, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> = 0.241, NRI = 0.605, and IDI = 0.117. Although the AUC of sRAGE is lower than UMA, the AUC of sRAGE is higher than other indicators of renal function such as SCr and eGFR (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>B, <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig. 4</a>B, and Table S5).</p></span></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0140">Discussion</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study found that sRAGE is positively correlated with uACR in patients with CHD, especially in patients with AMI. After adjusting for confounding factors, sRAGE was still a ‘predictor’ in CHD patients, even in AMI patients of developing albuminuria, which is a sign of kidney injury. Furthermore, this study has also found that AUC of sRAGE is higher than that of eGFR, serum albumin, serum BUN, serum creatinine, and urine creatinine levels in the CHD patients, especially in AMI patients when the uACR threshold for defining the dependent variable in the logistic regression was set at 30 mg/g, which implies sRAGE might be a potential indicator to predict early kidney dysfunction in CHD patients, especially in patients with AMI.</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To date, this is the first study evaluating the association between baseline sRAGE level and uACR in CHD patients. This study found that elevated sRAGE in patients with CHD, especially in AMI patients, is associated with kidney injury. It indicates that sRAGE might be involved in the development of CHD-with-albuminuria.</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Binary logistic regression analysis was used to further clarify the role of sRAGE. In a stepwise regression analysis model, sRAGE acts as a predictor for uACR ≥ 30 mg/g in CHD patients [<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">OR</span> = 2.62 (1.12–6.15), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.05)], especially in AMI patients [<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">OR</span> = 5.84 (1.16–29.43), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.05). It suggests that sRAGE participates in and acts as a predictor for albuminuria in CHD, thereby affecting the prognosis of CHD. Reviewing the literature, the mechanism through which sRAGE exerts its influence on tissues and signaling pathways is not fully elucidated.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,23</span></a> Its possible mechanism is that the sRAGE level may reflect the degree of AGE-RAGE activity, which may in turn contribute to adverse health consequences; elevated levels of circulating sRAGE result from decreased renal clearance and the subsequent accumulation of sRAGE among those with decreased kidney function; sRAGE concentration in the circulation may represent the inflammatory state and thereby lead to kidney disease pathogenesis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> Previous studies have shown a significant correlation between uric acid and albuminuria.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> Moreover, an increased resting heart rate has been described as a risk predictor of microalbuminuria among people with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a> In enrolled CHD patients, compared with no kidney injury group, uric acid and office heart rate were elevated in the kidney injury group with statistically significant (Table S1). The results of this study are consistent with the findings of the above studies. Further study is required to shed more light on the mechanisms.</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Katagiri et al. reported that vitreous sRAGE levels were significantly higher in patients with CKD stage 5 (end-stage renal failure or hemodialysis) than in patients with CKD stage 1 or 2 (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.01) and 3 or 4 (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.05), and were significantly correlated with eGFR (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span> = −0.490, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> = 0.007) and creatinine levels (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span> = 0.484, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> = 0.006).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> It means increased local sRAGE level is related to long-term renal function damage. High sRAGE levels are associated with incident CKD and ESRD risk,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a> and increased levels of sRAGE are independently associated with new or worsening kidney disease and mortality over the next 5 years.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a> Given that sRAGE is a predictor for concomitant microalbuminuria and related to long-term renal function damage and is positively correlated with uACR level in patients with CHD, ROC curve analysis was conducted to further evaluate whether sRAGE can be used as a potential predictor of kidney injury in CHD patients with microalbuminuria. AUC was compared between sRAGE and other traditional indicators for evaluating renal function such as eGFR, SCr and BUN: the AUC is 0.660 (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> = 0.007) in the CHD patients. Although the AUC is lower than UMA, the AUC is higher than other indicators of renal function such as creatinine and eGFR. It suggests that sRAGE might be a potential indicator to predict early kidney injury in CHD patients, especially in patients with AMI.</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study has several limitations. Firstly, this study was a retrospective single-center study and the sample size of the study was relatively small, especially with a lower proportion of women; hence, potential bias due to the small sample size cannot be ruled out at this stage. Secondly, in this study, only baseline data of sRAGE and uACR was used and data during the follow-up period was lacked. The long-term prognosis correlation may be affected by other factors. Moreover, there are currently few reports on the relationship between sRAGE and uACR. Therefore, further research is needed to confirm the relationship between sRAGE and uACR, and fully understand their implications. However, the findings in this study can sever as the basis for further prospective randomized controlled trials. Future studies could also include a more balanced representation of both sexes to validate these results and explore potential sex-specific differences in the association between sRAGE and early kidney injury in CHD patients.</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion, this study has revealed that the serum sRAGE level is correlated positively with uACR in CHD patients. Moreover, sRAGE is a predictor for uACR ≥ 30 mg/g in CHD patients, especially in AMI patients. It is suggested that sRAGE may constitute a potential indicator of CHD with kidney injury. Taken together, sRAGE can be considered a candidate marker for predicting cardiorenal and vascular risk in CHD patients, especially in AMI patients.</p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0145">Ethics approval</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee and performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.</p></span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0150">Funding</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This work was supported by the <span class="elsevierStyleGrantSponsor" id="gs0005">National Natural Science Foundation of China</span> (grant <span class="elsevierStyleGrantNumber" refid="gs0005">81870265</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleGrantNumber" refid="gs0005">82171808</span>).</p></span><span id="sec0085" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0155">Conflict of interest</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None of the authors had any conflict of interest relevant to this study.</p></span><span id="sec0090" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0160">Consent to participate</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All patients provided written informed consent prior to enrollment.</p></span><span id="sec0095" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0165">Statement of authorship</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">All authors take responsibility for all aspects of the reliability and freedom from bias of the data presented and their discussed interpretation.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:15 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres2292003" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Aims" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1904863" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres2292004" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Fundamento" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Materiales y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1904864" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Methods" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Trial design" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Patient and public involvement" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Trial procedures" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Laboratory parameters determination" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Results" "secciones" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Patients" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0050" "titulo" => "Laboratory parameters" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0055" "titulo" => "Correlation analysis" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0060" "titulo" => "Binary logistic regression analysis" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0065" "titulo" => "ROC analysis" ] ] ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0070" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0075" "titulo" => "Ethics approval" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0080" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0085" "titulo" => "Conflict of interest" ] 11 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0090" "titulo" => "Consent to participate" ] 12 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0095" "titulo" => "Statement of authorship" ] 13 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack786660" "titulo" => "Acknowledgement" ] 14 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2024-05-02" "fechaAceptado" => "2024-06-29" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1904863" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE)" 1 => "Coronary disease" 2 => "Early kidney injury" 3 => "Albuminuria" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1904864" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Receptor soluble para productos finales de glicación avanzada (sRAGE)" 1 => "Enfermedad coronaria" 2 => "Lesión renal precoz" 3 => "Albuminuria" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Aims</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with changed serum soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) will experience microalbuminuria and even kidney dysfunction. However, the role of sRAGE for microalbuminuria in CHD is still not established. This study aimed to evaluate the association between sRAGE and early kidney dysfunction in CHD patients.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Materials and methods</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In this cross-sectional study, sRAGE and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) were measured in hospitalized CHD patients who have undergone coronary arteriography to evaluate the distinction and correlation between sRAGE and uACR.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">There were 127 CHD patients (mean age: 63.06 ± 10.93 years, 93 males) in the study, whose sRAGE were 1.83 ± 0.64 μg/L. The sRAGE level was higher in kidney injury group (uACR ≥ 30 mg/g) compared with no kidney injury group (uACR < 30 mg/g) [(2.08 ± 0.70 vs. 1.75 ± 0.61) μg/L, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.05]. Moreover, the positive correlation between serum sRAGE and uACR was significant in CHD patients (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span> = 0.196, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.05). Binary logistic regression suggests sRAGE as a predictor for microalbuminuria in CHD patients [Odd Ratio = 2.62 (1.12–6.15), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.05)]. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of sRAGE is higher than that of the traditional indicators of renal function such as creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate, indicating sRAGE might have a good performance in evaluating early kidney injury in CHD patients [AUC is 0.660 (0.543–0.778), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.01)].</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Serum sRAGE was positively correlated to uACR and might serve as a potential marker to predict early kidney injury in CHD patients.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Aims" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Fundamento</span><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los pacientes con cardiopatía coronaria (CC) con cambios en el receptor sérico soluble para productos finales de glicación avanzada (sRAGE) experimentarán microalbuminuria e incluso disfunción renal. Sin embargo, aún no se ha establecido el papel de sRAGE para la microalbuminuria en la enfermedad coronaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre el sRAGE y la disfunción renal precoz en pacientes con CC.</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Materiales y métodos</span><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En este estudio transversal, se midió el sRAGE y el cociente albúmina/creatinina urinaria (uACR) en pacientes hospitalizados con CC sometidos a arteriografía coronaria para evaluar la distinción y correlación entre sRAGE y uACR.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Resultados</span><p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En el estudio participaron 127 pacientes con CC (edad media: 63.06 ± 10.93 años, 93 varones), cuyos sRAGE fueron de 1.83 ± 0.64 μg/L. El nivel de sRAGE fue mayor en el grupo con lesión renal (uACR ≥ 30 mg/g) en comparación con el grupo sin lesión renal (uACR < 30 mg/g) [(2.08 ± 0.70 vs. 1.75 ± 0.61) μg/L, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.05]. Además, la correlación positiva entre el sRAGE sérico y la uACR fue significativa en los pacientes con CC (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span> = 0.196, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.05). La regresión logística binaria sugiere sRAGE como predictor de microalbuminuria en pacientes con CC [Odd Ratio = 2.62 (1.12-6.15), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.05)]. El área bajo la curva característica operativa (AUC) del receptor de sRAGE es mayor que la de los indicadores tradicionales de función renal, como la creatinina y la tasa de filtración glomerular estimada, lo que indica que sRAGE podría tener un buen rendimiento en la evaluación de la lesión renal temprana en pacientes con CC [AUC es 0.660 (0.543-0.778), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> < 0.01)].</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El sRAGE sérico se correlacionó positivamente con la uACR y podría servir como un marcador potencial para predecir la lesión renal temprana en pacientes con CC.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Fundamento" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Materiales y métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] ] "apendice" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "apendice" => "<p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The following is Supplementary data to this article:<elsevierMultimedia ident="upi0005"></elsevierMultimedia></p>" "etiqueta" => "Appendix A" "titulo" => "Supplementary data" "identificador" => "sec0105" ] ] ] ] "multimedia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1136 "Ancho" => 3341 "Tamanyo" => 169216 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0005" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Scatter plot of serum sRAGE concentrations in patients with (A) coronary heart disease (CHD) group, (B) angina pectoris subgroup and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) subgroup.</p> <p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Each dot represents an individual patient’s sRAGE level. The horizontal bars indicate the mean and standard deviation of sRAGE concentrations. AMI: acute myocardial infarction; CHD: coronary heart disease; sRAGE: soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1125 "Ancho" => 3341 "Tamanyo" => 160067 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0010" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Scatter plot of urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (uACR) concentrations in patients with (A) coronary heart disease (CHD) group, (B) angina pectoris subgroup and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) subgroup.</p> <p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Each dot represents an individual patient’s uACR level. The horizontal bars indicate the median and quartile of uACR concentrations. AMI: acute myocardial infarction; CHD: coronary heart disease; uACR: urinary albumin to creatinine ratio.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1825 "Ancho" => 3341 "Tamanyo" => 319191 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0015" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Correlation analysis between sRAGE and uACR in CHD patients (A), and ROC analysis of sRAGE, UMA, eGFR, SCr, UCr, Albumin and BUN with uACR ≥ 30 mg/g in CHD patients (B).</p> <p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Each dot represents an individual patient. BUN: blood urea nitrogen; CHD: coronary heart disease; eGFR: estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; ROC: receiver operating characteristic; SCr: serum creatinine; sRAGE: soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products; uACR: urinary albumin to creatinine ratio; UCr: urine creatinine; UMA: urine microalbumin.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figure 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 1759 "Ancho" => 3341 "Tamanyo" => 292167 ] ] "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at0020" "detalle" => "Figure " "rol" => "short" ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Correlation analysis between sRAGE and uACR in AMI patients (A), and ROC analysis of sRAGE, UMA, eGFR, SCr, UCr, Albumin and BUN with uACR ≥ 30 mg/g in AMI patients (B).</p> <p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Each dot represents an individual patient. AMI: acute myocardial infarction; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; eGFR: estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; ROC: receiver operating characteristic; SCr: serum creatinine; sRAGE: soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products; uACR: urinary albumin to creatinine ratio; UCr: urine creatinine; UMA: urine microalbumin.</p>" ] ] 4 => array:5 [ "identificador" => "upi0005" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAECOMPONENTE" "mostrarFloat" => false "mostrarDisplay" => true "Ecomponente" => array:2 [ "fichero" => "mmc1.docx" "ficheroTamanyo" => 36239 ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:35 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Microalbuminuria is independently associated with ischaemic electrocardiographic abnormalities in a large non-diabetic population. 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