Share
array:23 [ "pii" => "S2254887417301248" "issn" => "22548874" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rceng.2017.08.004" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2017-12-01" "aid" => "1433" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI)" "copyrightAnyo" => "2017" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Clin Esp. 2017;217:495-503" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3 "formatos" => array:2 [ "HTML" => 1 "PDF" => 2 ] ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0014256517302059" "issn" => "00142565" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rce.2017.08.003" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2017-12-01" "aid" => "1433" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI)" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Clin Esp. 2017;217:495-503" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 95 "formatos" => array:2 [ "HTML" => 62 "PDF" => 33 ] ] "es" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original</span>" "titulo" => "Control glucémico de los pacientes ancianos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en España (2015) y su relación con la capacidad funcional y la comorbilidad. Estudio <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Escadiane</span>" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "495" "paginaFinal" => "503" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Glycaemic control of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain (2015) and its relationship with functional capacity and comorbidity. The <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Escadiane</span> study" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "F.J. Sangrós-González, J. Martínez-Candela, L. Avila-Lachica, J. Díez-Espino, J.M. Millaruelo-Trillo, J. García-Soidán, L. Carrillo Fernández, P. Ezkurra Loiola" "autores" => array:8 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F.J." "apellidos" => "Sangrós-González" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Martínez-Candela" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Avila-Lachica" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Díez-Espino" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Millaruelo-Trillo" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "García-Soidán" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Carrillo Fernández" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "Ezkurra Loiola" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S2254887417301248" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rceng.2017.08.004" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2254887417301248?idApp=WRCEE" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0014256517302059?idApp=WRCEE" "url" => "/00142565/0000021700000009/v1_201711281636/S0014256517302059/v1_201711281636/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2254887417301042" "issn" => "22548874" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rceng.2017.07.003" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2017-12-01" "aid" => "1427" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI)" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Rev Clin Esp. 2017;217:504-9" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 4 "formatos" => array:2 [ "HTML" => 2 "PDF" => 2 ] ] "en" => array:12 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>" "titulo" => "High doses of systemic corticosteroids in patients hospitalized for exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A cohort study" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "504" "paginaFinal" => "509" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Dosis altas de corticoides sistémicos en pacientes ingresados por exacerbación de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. Un estudio de cohortes" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J.A. Rueda-Camino, D. Bernal-Bello, J. Canora-Lebrato, L. Velázquez-Ríos, V. García de Viedma-García, M. Guerrero-Santillán, M.A. Duarte-Millán, R. Cristóbal-Bilbao, A. Zapatero-Gaviria" "autores" => array:9 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.A." "apellidos" => "Rueda-Camino" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "D." "apellidos" => "Bernal-Bello" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Canora-Lebrato" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Velázquez-Ríos" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "García de Viedma-García" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Guerrero-Santillán" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.A." "apellidos" => "Duarte-Millán" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Cristóbal-Bilbao" ] 8 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Zapatero-Gaviria" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0014256517301868" "doi" => "10.1016/j.rce.2017.07.012" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0014256517301868?idApp=WRCEE" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2254887417301042?idApp=WRCEE" "url" => "/22548874/0000021700000009/v1_201711281553/S2254887417301042/v1_201711281553/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:20 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>" "titulo" => "Glycemic control of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain (2015) and its relationship with functional capacity and comorbidity. The <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Escadiane</span> study" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "495" "paginaFinal" => "503" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "F.J. Sangrós-González, J. Martínez-Candela, L. Avila-Lachica, J. Díez-Espino, J.M. Millaruelo-Trillo, J. García-Soidán, L. Carrillo Fernández, P. Ezkurra Loiola" "autores" => array:8 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "F.J." "apellidos" => "Sangrós-González" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "sangrosconte@telefonica.net" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Martínez-Candela" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Avila-Lachica" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Díez-Espino" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Millaruelo-Trillo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "García-Soidán" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Carrillo Fernández" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span>" "identificador" => "aff0030" ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "Ezkurra Loiola" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span>" "identificador" => "aff0035" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:7 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro de Salud Torrero-La Paz, Zaragoza, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro de Salud Mariano Yago, Yecla, Murcia, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "UGC Vélez Norte, Málaga, Spain" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro de Salud de Tafalla, Tafalla, Navarra, Spain" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro de Salud de Porriño, Porriño, Pontevedra, Spain" "etiqueta" => "e" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] 5 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "CS La Victoria de Acentejo, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain" "etiqueta" => "f" "identificador" => "aff0030" ] 6 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro de Salud de Zumaia, Zumaia, Guipúzcoa, Spain" "etiqueta" => "g" "identificador" => "aff0035" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Control glucémico de los pacientes ancianos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en España (2015) y su relación con la capacidad funcional y la comorbilidad. Estudio <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Escadiane</span>" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a serious health problem in most Western countries.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Its prevalence has continuously increased in recent decades and particularly affects patients older than 65 years.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2–4</span></a> As a result, various clinical guidelines and specific recommendations have been developed for treating and controlling DM2 in the elderly.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5–8</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">According to data from the Di@bet.es study,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> the prevalence of DM2 in patients older than 65 years in Spain is between 25% and 35%, depending on the age group. The prevalence of DM2 among those older than 76 years is 20.7% in men and 23.2% in women. Among patients between 61 and 75 years of age, DM2 affects 24.8% of men and 18.7% of women.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Data analyzed by the Study Group Network for Diabetes in Primary Health Care (RedGDPS) in 2007 showed that the mean age of patients with DM2 in Spain was 68.2 years, 63% of whom were older than 65 years.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> Data published in Germany and the United States indicate a similar epidemiological situation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11,12</span></a> In 2014, the prevalence of prediabetes and DM2 among US residents 65 years of age or older was 51% and 25.9%, respectively, the latter of which represents a population of 11.2 million.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> In terms of the therapeutic approach for DM2 in patients 65 years of age or older, the Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes (recently published by the American Diabetes Association [ADA]) consider it a priority to customize treatment to meet the objectives of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) control.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> The ADA proposed 3 levels of control (<7.5%, <8% and <8.5%), depending on the differing degrees of disability, comorbidity and cognitive impairment.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It has also been observed that elderly patients with DM2 have a high prevalence of disability and associated comorbidities (such as arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease) and a high rate of geriatric syndromes (such as cognitive impairment, falls, chronic pain and polypharmacy).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> The current state of elderly patients with DM2 in Spain is unknown.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Study of the Characteristics of Elderly Patients with Diabetes in Spain (ESCADIANE), whose results are presented in this article, was designed by the Primary Care Group of the Spanish Society of Diabetes to determine the characteristics of elderly patients with DM2 in Spain and thereby improve the healthcare strategies for this population group. The main objective of this study was to determine the state of glycemic control of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain and its relationship with functional capacity and comorbidity. The secondary objectives were to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, determine the degree of control over these factors, determine the prevalence of macrovascular and microvascular complications, describe the treatments employed for glycemic control, analyze the percentage of patients with hypoglycemia recorded in the medical history and describe the characteristics of these patients during the year prior to the study.</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Materials and methods</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This was an epidemiological, observational, cross-sectional, multicenter national study conducted between October 2014 and April 2015. Eighty-two investigators, who were primary care physicians of the various autonomous communities, participated in the study, and their distribution was proportional to the population of each autonomous community in Spain.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study population consisted of all patients 65 years of age or older with known or newly diagnosed DM2 according to the 2011 ADA criteria<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> (cardinal symptoms of diabetes and random glucose level ≥200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL on one occasion; fasting blood glucose ≥126<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL, HbA1c<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6.5% or blood glucose<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h after an oral overload with 75<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g of glucose). If the presence of hyperglycemia was not unequivocal, the results were confirmed by repeating the analysis.</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patients were required to sign an informed consent document (themselves or their legal representative), and they could not be participating in any other epidemiological study.</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study excluded individuals younger than 65 years, those who did not meet the 2011 ADA diagnostic criteria for DM2, those in terminal condition and those whose medical history provided insufficient data for the study, in the assessment committee's judgment.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Each medical researcher was asked to select 12 patients with DM2 who meet the inclusion criteria. To this end, a sequence of random numbers was provided from which these patients could be chosen from the medical researcher's list of all patients with DM2 who were 65 years or older.</p><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Study variables</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We studied the following demographic and anthropometric variables: age, sex, weight, height, body mass index, abdominal circumference, smoking (smoker, former smoker, nonsmoker), alcohol consumption (drinker, exdrinker, nondrinker), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, years of progression and date of diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We recorded the disease history and onset of the macrovascular and microvascular complications of DM2, with a confirmed diagnosis and date in the medical history. These complications included ischemic heart disease (angina pectoris or myocardial infarction), heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, symptomatic peripheral artery disease, kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL/min/1.73<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> and/or the presence of albuminuria<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/24<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h and/or albumin/creatinine ratio in an isolated urine sample >30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/g), neuropathy, retinopathy, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac arrhythmia.</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study recorded the drug treatment used routinely by the patients (antidiabetic agents, antihypertensive agents, lipid-lowering agents, antiplatelet agents or anticoagulant agents) and investigated the history of hypoglycemia in the medical history and whether external assistance was required, i.e., from another individual for recovery.</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The collected analytical variables included HbA1c (%), baseline blood glucose (mg/dL), lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides), hepatic profile, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate according to the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula (mL/min/1.73<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>) and the albumin/creatinine ratio in urine.</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To study the level of dependence, we used the Barthel index<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> and classified patients according to their scores as follows: independent (100 points), slight dependence (91–99 points), moderate dependence (61–90 points), severe dependence (21–60 points) or total dependence (0–20 points). Comorbidity, based on the Charlson index,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> helped classify the patients as follows: low comorbidity (0 points), medium comorbidity (1–2 points), high comorbidity (3–4 points) and very high comorbidity (≥5 points).</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study was classified as a “post-authorization, observational, other design study” by the Spanish Agency for Medicines (code FJS-DIA-2013-01) and approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Aragon.</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Statistical analysis</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For a 95% confidence level, we calculated that a sample of 939 patients would achieve a precision of 2–3%. A descriptive analysis was performed of the demographic, social, anthropometric, analytical and comorbidity variables. The continuous variables were described using measures of central tendency (mean or median), noncentral (quartiles) or dispersion (standard deviation), and the qualitative variables were expressed using absolute and relative frequency distributions (percentages).</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To compare the quantitative variables against the qualitative variables, we checked (using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test) whether the quantitative variables followed a normal distribution. We used parametric (Student's <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test or ANOVA) or nonparametric (Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test or Kruskal–Wallis test) tests depending on whether normality was met.</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Differences between proportions were calculated using the chi-squared test.</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When necessary, we used the Yates correction. In the event that multiple comparisons needed to be performed, we applied the Bonferroni method. A significance level of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.05 was assumed, and the statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics Software v.23.</p></span></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Results</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study included 939 patients, whose mean age was 76.4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6.7 years. The values for the anthropometric variables, functional capacity and comorbidity distributed by age group are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>. The results of the degree of glycemic control, baseline fasting glucose and the rate of hypoglycemia according to the degree of dependence and comorbidity are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>. The HbA1c level showed statistically significant differences based on the degree of disability between the elderly patients with DM2 and severe dependence and those who were independent (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.01) or had slight dependence (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.03). The patients with severe dependence had a higher mean HbA1c level (7.9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.1%). There was also a significant difference between the mean HbA1c level of the elderly patients with diabetes and moderate dependence versus those who were independent (7.43% vs. 7, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.047). A high percentage of the patients with total dependence (62.5%) were undergoing insulin treatment.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">According to the Charlson index, 57.2% of the elderly with DM2 had medium comorbidity (score 1–2), 28.4% had high comorbidity (3–4), and 14.4% had very high comorbidity (≥5).</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The HbA1c levels increased as the comorbidity increased, with statistically significant differences between the HbA1c readings of the elderly patients with DM2 and medium comorbidity versus those with very high comorbidity (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>=<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.012) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>). As the comorbidity increased, the percentage of patients treated with insulin alone or combined with secretagogues increased, while the percentage of patients treated with oral diabetes drugs decreased.</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a> shows the data for the glycemic control and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. Forty percent of the patients had a body mass index<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30, 43.7% had systolic blood pressure readings<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>140<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg and/or diastolic readings<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg. Only 3.2% of the patients had total cholesterol readings<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>>250<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL. Some 84.3% of the patients without cardiovascular disease had LDL cholesterol levels<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>130<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL. In 69.1% of those who had prior cardiovascular disease, the LDL cholesterol levels were<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL. The HDL cholesterol levels were appropriate in 60.7% of the patients (HDL<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>50<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL in women and >40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL in men), and 66.6% of the patients maintained triglycerides levels <150<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL. LDL cholesterol levels were <70<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL in 34% of the patients with macrovascular disease and in 24.1% of the patients with advanced renal failure.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Some 58.4% of the population had macrovascular and/or microvascular complications (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>). Some 28.6% of the patients had at least one macrovascular disease, and 45.7% had some microvascular complication.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ninety-one percent of the patients followed a drug therapy: 25.5% with insulin and 82% with noninsulin therapy. Seventeen percent of the patients used insulin along with oral diabetes drugs. Sixteen percent of the patients took sulfonylureas, the most common of which was gliclazide (54% of the sulfonylureas). Twenty-eight percent of the patients were treated with dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i). This group of inhibitors included sitagliptin (46.5%), vildagliptin (30%) and linagliptin (19%). The most widely used oral diabetes drugs (or combinations) were metformin (47%), metformin plus DPP-4i (19%), metformin plus sulfonylureas (9), DPP4i (6%) and DPP4i plus metformin plus sulfonylureas (5%).</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Some 12.5% of the patients had hypoglycemic episodes recorded in their medical history. Eighteen percent of these episodes were considered severe, because they required the assistance of another individual. Eighty-six percent of the severe hypoglycemic events occurred in patients treated with insulin versus 14% that occurred in patients treated with secretagogues (sulfonylureas or repaglinide). There was a higher percentage of insulin and secretagogue use among patients who had greater comorbidity and dependency. These drugs were more often used by the patients with poorer metabolic control (67% of the patients with an HbA1c level >7% were treated with insulin and/or secretagogues vs. 25% of the patients with an HbA1c level <7%) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">Table 5</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0025"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Discussion</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The management of patients with DM2 requires an appropriate individual assessment to establish the control objectives and the best therapeutic strategy. Age, life expectancy, functional capacity, comorbidity, disease progression and patient collaboration are the pillars for basing the clinical decisions and establishing the objectives of glycemic control.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a></p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">For elderly patients with DM2, it is especially important to prevent hypoglycemic episodes and adverse drug effects, which can worsen the quality of life and cause falls, accidents and cognitive impairment. The strict control of metabolic parameters in these patients is less likely to provide long-term benefits,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6,8</span></a> especially in the most elderly. Our study highlights the low HbA1c concentrations of elderly patients with DM2.</p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The mean HbA1c was 7%, despite the fact that these patients had a mean disease progression time of more than 10 years (11.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7.9). Seventy-five percent of the patients had HbA1c levels <7.5%. These readings are indicative of the therapeutic intensity and could explain the reasons behind the hypoglycemic events recorded in the medical history (one of every 8 patients had experienced at least 1 episode of hypoglycemia). Of these, 18% required external assistance for their recovery.</p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The data on glycemic control in this study are similar to those of other studies conducted in our setting<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20–22</span></a> or other countries. An analysis of 1288 patients older than 65 years<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a> from a United States health survey (NHANES) indicated the possible overtreatment of elderly patients, given that 61.5% of the study sample had HbA1c levels <7%, and 41.9% had levels <6.5%. Another health survey performed in Germany found that 65% of patients with diabetes had HbA1c levels <7%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a></p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The results showed poorer glycemic control when the elderly patient with diabetes had a higher degree of comorbidity, although the difference in HbA1c levels between the groups with greater and lesser comorbidity was only 0.36%, a difference of little clinical relevance. Poorer blood glycemic control was also observed as the degree of dependence increased, except in cases of total dependence, which presented mean levels similar to the elderly patients with no degree of dependence. Strict glycemic control for completely dependent elderly patients with diabetes could be associated with the intensification of insulin therapy.</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A study performed in France<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> on patients older than 70 years with diabetes investigated the relationship between metabolic control and morbidity and mortality. The study evaluated 3 cohorts according to the treatment employed: insulin alone, insulin plus oral diabetes drugs and oral diabetes drugs alone and/or glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs. A high rate of hypoglycemia (53%) was observed in the first group, who also had poorer glycemic control and higher rates of retinopathy, kidney disease, cardiovascular impairment and geriatric complications. The patients treated exclusively with oral diabetes drugs or glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs had a very similar disease progression, characteristics and comorbidities to those of our sample and had similar mean HbA1c levels (7.1%), with 75% of patients with HbA1c levels <7.5%.</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As was expected, the elderly patients in our sample had a high number of cardiovascular risk factors and vascular complications. Arterial hypertension, present in 78% of patients, remained the most difficult-to-control factor. Approximately one third of the elderly patients with DM2 had macrovascular disease. Like other Spanish studies,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20,21,26</span></a> the main complication was ischemic heart disease (13.9%), followed by cerebrovascular disease (11.9%) and peripheral arterial disease (9%). However, the prevalence of macrovascular disease was much lower compared with that of other Western countries such as the United States,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23,27</span></a> Germany,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28,29</span></a> Scotland<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> and France,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a> even in younger cohorts.</p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Microvascular complications affected 45.7% of the patients, the most prevalent of which was chronic kidney disease. The high prevalence of chronic kidney disease should affect the drug therapies employed and be the subject of more studies.</p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In terms of drug therapy, metformin was the most frequently used drug, followed by DPP4i. The use of insulin was not residual, given that it was used in 25% of cases. Understanding how to manage its use is therefore important. Insulin and secretagogues had the closest relationship with hypoglycemia, and their use was more frequent among the patients with poorer metabolic control. It is also striking that glibenclamide still represented 7% of the sulfonylureas employed, despite its long half-life and capacity for causing hypoglycemia.</p><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study has limitations that are inherent in cross-sectional studies. The data were extracted from the medical history, and some of the results, such as the prevalence of hypoglycemia and geriatric syndromes, are probably underestimated. However, the size of the study sample and patient selection method (with researchers distributed throughout Spain, using a series of random numbers to select patients) leads us to believe that the results are representative of the current situation in Spain.</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Conclusion</span><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Mean HbA1c levels in elderly patients with DM2 analyzed in Spain are below those recommended by the main clinical practice guidelines. These values are higher in the patients with a higher level of comorbidity and were influenced by the patient's degree of disability.</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Funding</span><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study was made possible thanks to financial support by Boehringer-Ingelheim. The financial sources had no role in designing the study, collecting the data or interpreting the data. The financial sources also did not participate in the preparation, review or approval of the manuscript.</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Conflict of interests</span><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:12 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres947393" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec919875" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres947394" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivos" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec919874" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Materials and methods" "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Study variables" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Statistical analysis" ] ] ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Results" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Conclusion" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Funding" ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Conflict of interests" ] 10 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack320286" "titulo" => "Acknowledgements" ] 11 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2017-01-16" "fechaAceptado" => "2017-08-07" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec919875" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Diabetes" 1 => "Elderly" 2 => "Glycemic control" 3 => "Comorbidity" 4 => "Functional capacity" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec919874" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Diabetes" 1 => "Ancianos" 2 => "Control glucémico" 3 => "Comorbilidad" 4 => "Capacidad funcional" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objectives</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To understand the state of glycemic control of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain and its relationship with functional capacity and comorbidity.</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cross-sectional, observational, multicentre national study on patients with diabetes mellitus aged 65 years or older. The study analyzed demographic and anthropometric variables, cardiovascular risk factors, clinical and laboratory data, associated comorbidity and treatments.</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We analyzed the functional capacity using the Barthel index and the comorbidity with Charlson index.</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study included 939 patients with a mean age of 76.4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6.7 years. The mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was 7.0%<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1.2%, and the mean basal blood glucose level was 137<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>39.6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dL. The HbA1c level showed statistically significant differences depending on the degree of disability. In the patients who were totally, severely, moderately or slightly dependent or who were independent, the mean HbA1c levels were 7.0%, 7.9%, 7.4% and 7.0%, respectively (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.028). HbA1c levels were 7.3%, 7.1% and 6.9% in the patients with very high, high and medium comorbidity, respectively (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>.001).</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mean HbA1c levels in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes analyzed in Spain are below those recommended by the main clinical practice guidelines. The levels are higher in patients who have more functional disability and a higher level of comorbidity.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" "titulo" => "Objectives" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" "titulo" => "Methods" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0015" "titulo" => "Results" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0020" "titulo" => "Conclusions" ] ] ] "es" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Conocer el estado del control glucémico de los pacientes ancianos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en España y su relación con la capacidad funcional y la comorbilidad.</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Métodos</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio transversal, observacional, multicéntrico, de ámbito nacional, en pacientes con diabetes mellitus<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>65 años. Se estudiaron variables sociodemográficas, antropométricas, factores de riesgo cardiovascular, datos de exploración clínica y analíticos, comorbilidad asociada y tratamientos utilizados.</p><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se analizó la capacidad funcional mediante el índice de Barthel y la comorbilidad con el de Charlson.</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se incluyeron 939 pacientes. La edad media fue 76,4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6,7 años. La hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1c) media fue 7,0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1,2% y la glucemia basal media 137<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>±<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>39,6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dl. El nivel de HbA1c presentó diferencias estadísticamente significativas según el grado de discapacidad. En los pacientes con dependencia total, grave, moderada, leve o independientes las concentraciones de HbA1c media fueron de 7,0%, 7,9%, 7,4% y 7,0% (p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,028) respectivamente. Los niveles de HbA1c fueron de 7,3%, 7,1% y 6,9% en los pacientes con comorbilidad muy alta, alta y media, respectivamente (p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0,001).</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los valores medios de HbA1c en los pacientes ancianos con diabetes tipo 2 analizados en España son inferiores a los recomendados por las principales guías de práctica clínica. Son más elevados en los pacientes que presentan mayor grado de discapacidad funcional y un nivel más alto de comorbilidad.</p></span>" "secciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0025" "titulo" => "Objetivos" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0030" "titulo" => "Métodos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0035" "titulo" => "Resultados" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "abst0040" "titulo" => "Conclusiones" ] ] ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Sangrós-González FJ, Martínez-Candela J, Avila-Lachica L, Díez-Espino J, Millaruelo-Trillo JM, García-Soidán J, et al. Control glucémico de los pacientes ancianos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en España (2015) y su relación con la capacidad funcional y la comorbilidad. Estudio <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Escadiane</span>. Rev Clin Esp. 2017;217:495–503.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The data are expressed as mean (SD), median (IR) or number (%) as necessary.</p><p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">For qualitative variables (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> [%]): Chi-squared test <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value. For quantitative variables: parametric test (Student's <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test or one-factor ANOVA) if they follow a normal distribution, nonparametric test (Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test, Kruskal–Wallis <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">K</span> test) if they do not follow a normal distribution.</p><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviations</span>: SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; ns, not significant; IR, interquartile range.</p><p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a,b,c</span> The superscript letters indicate a subgroup of age groups; categories whose column proportions do not differ significantly from each other at the 0.05 level.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total population \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">65–74 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">75–84 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">≥85 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Male</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">442 (47.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">196 (49.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">203 (49.8)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">43 (31.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Woman</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">497 (52.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">199 (50.4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">205 (50.2)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">93 (68.4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Age, years</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">76 (10) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">70 (5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">78 (4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">87 (3)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Weight, kg</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">74.5 (18.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">77.0 (17.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">73.6 (17.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">69.0 (17.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Height, cm</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">160.0 (13.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">161.0 (12.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">159.0 (13.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">156.0 (11.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Waist circumference, cm</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Men \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">104.1 (11.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">104.6 (10.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">104.2 (11.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100.6 (11.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Women \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">98.7 (12.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">99.8 (12.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">98.2 (11.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">97.4 (14.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">RW/H, ratio of waist circumference/height</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Men \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.625 (0.070) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.622 (0.066) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.630 (0.070) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.614 (0.080) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Women \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.641 (0.086) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.641 (0.082) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.641 (0.085) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">0.639 (0.101) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">BMI, kg/m</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2</span></span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28.9 (6.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">29.4 (6.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28.7 (5.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">28.0 (5.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">.002 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Barthel Index</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Independent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">671 (71.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">348 (88.1)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">276 (67.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">47 (34.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="5" align="left" valign="middle"><.001</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Slight dependence \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">204 (21.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">39 (9.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">104 (25.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">61 (44.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Moderate dependence \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">41 (4.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (1.3)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 (4.2)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (14.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Severe dependence \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (0.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 (0.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a,b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (0.2)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (2.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Total dependence \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 (1.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (0.3)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (2.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (3.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Institutionalized \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (2.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 (0.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 (2.2)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a,b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">8 (5.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Low comorbidity (1–2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">532 (57.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">247 (63.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">217 (53.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">68 (51.1)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="middle">.003</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Medium comorbidity (3–4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">263 (28.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">97 (24.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">131 (32.4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">35 (26.3)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a,b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>High comorbidity<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">134 (14.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">48 (12.2)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">56 (13.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a,b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">30 (22.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1604519.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Anthropometric measures functional capacity and comorbidity of the study population.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviations</span>: ODD, oral diabetes drugs; SD, standard deviation; SU, sulfonylureas.</p><p id="spar0090" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a,b</span> The superscript letters indicate a subgroup of age groups; categories whose column proportions do not differ significantly from each other at the 0.05 level.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Barthel disability index \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean HbA1c, % (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean blood glucose, mg/dL (SD) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Hypoglycemia, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Insulin treatment, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Treatment with ODD, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Treatment with ODD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>insulin, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Treatment with insulin and/or secretagogues (SU or repaglinide), <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Total dependence \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 (1.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.99 (1.13) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">134.9 (52.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (25.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (62.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (43.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (18.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 (68.85%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Severe dependence \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (0.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.93 (1.13) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">125.3 (47.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (14.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 (42.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 (57.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">1 (14.3%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 (71.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Moderate dependence \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">41 (4.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.43 (1.46) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">135.9 (41.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">12 (29.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">20 (48.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">33 (80.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">14 (34.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25 (61.0%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Slight dependence \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">202 (21.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.05 (1.11) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">135.5 (42.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">34 (16.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">65 (32.3)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">152 (75.6%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">36 (17.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">96 (47.8%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Independent \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">672 (71.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.00 (1.15) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">137.8 (35.29 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">66 (9.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">141 (21.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">576 (85.7%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">107 (15.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">263 (39.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.032 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.032 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1604521.png" ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Charlson Comorbidity Index \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">HbA1c, % \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Glycemia, mg/dL \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Hypoglycemia, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Insulin treatment \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">ODD treatment \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Treatment with ODD<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>+<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>insulin, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> (%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Treatment with insulin and/or secretagogues \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Medium comorbidity: 1–2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">535 (57.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.95 (1.08) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">136.34 (36.77) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">48 (41.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">88 (16.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">473 (88.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">70 (13.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">194 (36.2%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">High comorbidity: 3–4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">265 (28.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.06 (1.16) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">136.90 (40.50) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">32 (27.4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">83 (31.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">210 (79.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">61 (23.1%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">120 (45.5%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Very high comorbidity <span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">134 (14.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7.31 (1.37) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">140.99 (48.18) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">37 (31.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">68 (50.7%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">87 (64.9%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">30 (22.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">85 (63.4%) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.012 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">.012 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1604518.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Relationship between the degree of disability and comorbidity and glycemic control.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0015" "etiqueta" => "Table 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at3" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0100" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The data are expressed as mean (SD), median (IR) or number (%) as necessary.</p><p id="spar0105" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">For qualitative variables (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span> [%]): Chi-squared test <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-value. For quantitative variables: parametric test (Student's <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test or one-factor ANOVA) if they follow a normal distribution, nonparametric test (Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test, Kruskal–Wallis <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">K</span> test) if they do not follow a normal distribution.</p><p id="spar0110" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a,b,c</span> The superscript letters indicate a subgroup of age groups; categories whose column proportions do not differ significantly from each other at the 0.05 level.</p><p id="spar0115" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviations</span>: DM2, type 2 diabetes mellitus; GFR-MDRD, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Modification Diet in Renal Disease</span> to calculate the glomerular filtrate rate; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; ns, not significant; IR, interquartile range.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total population \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">65–74 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">75–84 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">≥85 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">HbA1c, %</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.8 (1.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.7 (1.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.8 (1.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">6.9 (1.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">HbA1c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">ns</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><7% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">537 (57.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">233 (59.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">235 (58.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">69 (51.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7–8.5% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">290 (31.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">116 (29.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">127 (31.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">47 (34.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>>8.5% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">104 (11.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">43 (11.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">42 (10.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (14.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Length of DM2 progression, years</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9.8 (8.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9.5 (8.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10.2 (8.4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11.6 (9.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">.013 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Length of DM2 progression, years</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="4" align="left" valign="top">.003</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><5 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">168 (17.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">68 (17.3)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">77 (18.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 (16.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5–10 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">317 (33.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">159 (40.4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">124 (30.4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">34 (25.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>>10 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">453 (48.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">167 (42.4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">207 (50.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a,b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">79 (58.1)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total cholesterol, mg/dL</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">171.0 (50.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">171.0 (51.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">171.5 (49.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">171.0 (52.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">HDL cholesterol, mg/dL</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">49.0 (18.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">49.0 (19.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">49.0 (18.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">49.0 (16.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">LDL cholesterol, mg/dL</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">93.8 (41.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">93.6 (43.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">93.6 (40.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">95.0 (41.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Triglycerides, mg/dL</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">125.0 (77.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">132.0 (86.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">117.5 (69.2)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">120.0 (76.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">.003 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">GFR-MDRD, mL/min/1.73</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">m</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2</span></span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">72.4 (30.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">77.1 (30.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">71.8 (32.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">59.4 (29.8)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">GFR-MDRD</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><60</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">mL/min/1.73</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">m</span><span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2</span></span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">261 (29.8) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">68 (18.8)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">121 (31.4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">72 (55.4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Smoker</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="" valign="top"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Regular smoker \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">62 (6.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">32 (8.1)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 (5.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 (5.2)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top"><.001</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Former smoker \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">214 (23.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">11 (28.2)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">88 (21.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15 (11.2)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Nonsmoker \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">656 (70.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">250 (63.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">294 (72.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">112 (83.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Arterial hypertension</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">731 (78.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">303 (77.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">320 (79.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">108 (80.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hypercholesterolemia</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">545 (58.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">254 (64.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">229 (56.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a,b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">62 (46.3)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Hypertriglyceridemia</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">224 (24.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">122 (31.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">77 (19.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25 (18.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1604523.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0095" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in the study population.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0020" "etiqueta" => "Table 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at4" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0125" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The data are expressed as numbers (%). For qualitative variables: <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> value calculated with the chi-squared test. For quantitative variables: parametric test (Student's <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test or one-factor ANOVA) if they follow a normal distribution, nonparametric test (Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test, Kruskal–Wallis <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">K</span> test) if they do not follow a normal distribution.</p><p id="spar0130" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviation</span>: ns, not significant.</p><p id="spar0135" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a,b,c</span> The superscript letters indicate a subgroup of age groups; categories whose column proportions do not differ significantly from each other at the 0.05 level.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Total population \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">65–74 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">75–84 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">≥85 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Macrovascular complications</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">267 (28.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">108 (27.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">119 (29.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">40 (29.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ischemic heart disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">130 (13.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">50 (12.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">62 (15.3) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">18 (13.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Acute stroke \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">111 (11.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">44 (11.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">46 (11.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21 (15.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Peripheral arterial disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">84 (9.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">42 (10.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">32 (7.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (7.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Microvascular complications</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">422 (45.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">143 (36.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">197 (49.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">82 (61.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Kidney disease \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">339 (36.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">101 (25.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">161 (39.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">77 (57.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Diabetic neuropathy \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">58 (6.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25 (6.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">24 (5.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 (6.7) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Retinopathy<br>(proliferative and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">111 (11.9) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">48 (12.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">53 (13.1) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 (7.5) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">ns \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Microvascular and macrovascular complications</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">541 (58.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">194 (50.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">251 (62.4)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">94 (70.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1604522.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0120" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Macrovascular and microvascular complications in the study population and in the various age groups.</p>" ] ] 4 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0025" "etiqueta" => "Table 5" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at5" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0145" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The data are expressed as numbers (%).</p><p id="spar0150" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviation</span>: HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin.</p><p id="spar0155" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a,b,c</span> The superscript letters indicate a subgroup of age groups; categories whose column proportions do not differ significantly from each other at the 0.05 level.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Total population \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="3" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">HbA1c</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><7% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">7–8.5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">>8.5% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Treated with insulin and/or secretagogues (sulfonylureas and/or glinides)</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">399 (42.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">135 (25.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">174 (59.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">90 (86.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>65–74 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">174 (44.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">59 (25.3)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">76 (65.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">39 (90.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>75–84 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">161 (40.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">56 (23.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">71 (56.3)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">34 (81.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥85 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">61 (45.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (27.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">25 (53.2)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">17 (89.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1604517.png" ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col">Total population \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">HbA1c</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><7% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">≥7% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Treated with insulin and/or secretagogues</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">399 (42.6) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">135 (25.0)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">264 (66.7)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>65–74 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">174 (44.4) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">59 (25.3)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">115 (72.3)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>75–84 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">161 (40.0) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">56 (23.9)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">105 (62.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>≥85 years \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">61 (45.2) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">19 (27.5)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">42 (63.6)<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top"><.001 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1604520.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0140" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Treatments used and metabolic control in the overall population and in the various age groups.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:30 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0155" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications: Report of WHO consultation. Part 1. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "World Health Organization. Dept. of Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:4 [ "fecha" => "1999" "paginaInicial" => "60" "editorial" => "World Health Organization" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Geneva" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0160" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalencia e incidencia de la DM y sus complicaciones" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "Estrategia en diabetes del Sistema Nacional de Salud" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:4 [ "fecha" => "2007" "paginaInicial" => "85" "editorial" => "Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Madrid" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0165" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Ministerio de Sanidad y Política Social. Encuesta Nacional de Salud. Available from: <a href="http://pestadistico.msc.es/PEMSC25/ArbolNodos.aspx">http://pestadistico.msc.es/PEMSC25/ArbolNodos.aspx</a> [accessed 23.05.16]" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0170" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "comentario" => "13 pp. Available from: <span class="elsevierStyleInterRef" id="intr0015" href="http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs_2011.pdf">http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs_2011.pdf</span> [accessed 23.05.16]" "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "National diabetes fact sheet: National estimates and general information on diabetes and prediabetes in the United States" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:3 [ "fecha" => "2011" "editorial" => "U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Atlanta, GA" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0175" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Diabetes mellitus in older people" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "colaboracion" => "Position statement on behalf of the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG), the European Diabetes Working Party for Older People (EDWPOP), and the International Task Force of Experts in Diabetes" "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Sinclair" 1 => "J. Morley" 2 => "L. Rodriguez-Mañas" 3 => "G. Paolisso" 4 => "T. Bayer" 5 => "A. Zeyfang" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.jamda.2012.04.012" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Am Med Dir Assoc" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "13" "paginaInicial" => "497" "paginaFinal" => "502" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22748719" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0180" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "comentario" => "Available from: <span class="elsevierStyleInterRef" id="intr0020" href="http://www.idf.org/sites/default/files7IDFGuideline-for-older-people-T2D.pdf">http://www.idf.org/sites/default/files7IDFGuideline-for-older-people-T2D.pdf</span> [accessed 21.05.16]" "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "IDF Global guideline for managing older people with type 2 diabetes" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "A. Sinclair" 1 => "T. Dunning" 2 => "S. Colagiuri" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:2 [ "fecha" => "2013" "paginaInicial" => "94" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0185" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Clinical practice guidelines diabetes in the elderly Canadian Diabetes Association clinical practice guidelines expert committee" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G.S. Meneilly" 1 => "A. Knip" 2 => "D. Daniel Tessier" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.01.045" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Can J Diabetes" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "37" "paginaInicial" => "S184" "paginaFinal" => "S190" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24070944" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0190" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Conferencia de consenso: tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2 en el paciente anciano" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "R. Gómez Huelgas" 1 => "J. Díez-Espino" 2 => "F. Formiga" 3 => "J. Lafita" 4 => "L. Rodríguez- Mañas" 5 => "E. González-Sarmiento" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Clin (Barc)" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "140" "paginaInicial" => "134.e1" "paginaFinal" => "134.e12" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0195" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose regulation in Spain: the Di@bet.es Study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "F. Soriguer" 1 => "A. Goday" 2 => "A. Bosch-Comas" 3 => "E. Bordiú" 4 => "A. Calle" 5 => "R. Carmena" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s00125-011-2336-9" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Diabetologia" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "55" "paginaInicial" => "88" "paginaFinal" => "93" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21987347" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0200" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "en representación de la Red de Grupos de Estudio de la Diabetes en Atención Primaria de la Salud. Evolución de los indicadores de calidad asistencial al diabético tipo 2 en atención primaria (1996–2007). Programa de mejora continua de calidad de la Red de Grupos de Estudio de la Diabetes en Atención Primaria de la Salud" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J. Franch" 1 => "S. Artola" 2 => "J. Diez-Espino" 3 => "M. Mata" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Clin (Barc)" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "135" "paginaInicial" => "600" "paginaFinal" => "607" ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0205" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalence of and trends in diabetes among adults in the United States, 1988–2012" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "A. Menke" 1 => "S. Casagrande" 2 => "L. Geiss" 3 => "C.C. Cowie" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "314" "paginaInicial" => "9" "paginaFinal" => "1021" ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0210" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Specific aspects of diabetes management in the elderly" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "A. Zeyfang" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "MMW Fortschr Med" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "147" "paginaInicial" => "39" "paginaFinal" => "40" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16320651" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0215" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "comentario" => "Available from: <span class="elsevierStyleInterRef" id="intr0025" href="http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes">http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes</span> [accessed 03.07.17]" "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "National diabetes fact sheet: National estimates and general information on diabetes and prediabetes in the United States" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:3 [ "fecha" => "2014" "editorial" => "U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Atlanta, GA" ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0220" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Standards of medical care in diabetes 2017: older adults" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "American Diabetes Association" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.2337/dc17-S014" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Diabetes Care" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "40" "paginaInicial" => "S99" "paginaFinal" => "S104" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27979898" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0225" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Association of diabetes, comorbidities, and A1C with functional disability in older adults. Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NAHNES) 1999–2006" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "R. Rastogy" 1 => "C.H. Saudeck" 2 => "F. Brancati" 3 => "E. Selvin" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.2337/dc09-1597" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Diabetes Care" "fecha" => "2010" "volumen" => "33" "paginaInicial" => "1055" "paginaFinal" => "1060" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20185736" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0230" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "American Diabetes Association" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.2337/dc11-S062" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Diabetes Care" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "34" "paginaInicial" => "S62" "paginaFinal" => "S69" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21193628" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0235" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Improving the sensitivity of the Barthel Index for stroke rehabilitation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S. Shah" 1 => "F. Vanclay" 2 => "B. Cooper" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Epidemiol" "fecha" => "1989" "volumen" => "42" "paginaInicial" => "703" "paginaFinal" => "709" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2760661" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0240" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "M. Charlson" 1 => "P. Pompei" 2 => "K.L. Ales" 3 => "C.R. McKenzie" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Chron Dis" "fecha" => "1987" "volumen" => "40" "paginaInicial" => "373" "paginaFinal" => "383" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3558716" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0245" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Individualizing glycemic targets in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Implications of recent clinical trials" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "F. Ismail-Beigi" 1 => "E. Moghissi" 2 => "M. Tiktin" 3 => "I.B. Hirsch" 4 => "S.E. Inzucchi" 5 => "S. Genuth" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.7326/0003-4819-154-8-201104190-00007" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Intern Med" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "154" "paginaInicial" => "554" "paginaFinal" => "559" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21502652" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0250" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Older type 2. Diabetic patients are more likely to achieve glycaemic and cardiovascular risk factors targets than younger patients: analysis of primary care database" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J. Barrot-de la Puente" 1 => "M. Mata" 2 => "J. Franch" 3 => "X. Mundet" 4 => "A. Casellas" 5 => "J. Fernandez" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/ijcp.12741" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Clin Pract" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "69" "paginaInicial" => "1486" "paginaFinal" => "1495" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26422335" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0255" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes in Spain: PERCEDIME 2 study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Rodriguez" 1 => "J. Garre" 2 => "J. Franch" 3 => "J. Diez" 4 => "X. Mundet" 5 => "Barrot" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/1471-2369-14-46" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMC Nephrol" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "14" "paginaInicial" => "46" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23433046" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0260" "etiqueta" => "22" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Control glucémico en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en España" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "A. Pérez" 1 => "J.J. Mediavilla" 2 => "I. Miñanbres" 3 => "D. González" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.rce.2014.05.028" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Clin Esp" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "214" "paginaInicial" => "429" "paginaFinal" => "436" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25016415" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0265" "etiqueta" => "23" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Potential overtreatment of diabetes mellitus in older adults with tight glycemic control" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "K. Lipska" 1 => "J. Ross" 2 => "Y. Miao" 3 => "N. Shah" 4 => "S. Lee" 5 => "M. Steinman" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA Inter Med" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "175" "paginaInicial" => "356" "paginaFinal" => "362" ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0270" "etiqueta" => "24" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Changes in diabetes care. Indicators: findings from German National Health Interview and Examination Surveys 1997–1999 and 2008–2011" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "Y. Du" 1 => "C. Heidemann" 2 => "A. Schaffrath" 3 => "A. Buttery" 4 => "R. Paprott" 5 => "H. Neuhauser" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/bmjdrc-2015-000135" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "e000135" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26629347" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0275" "etiqueta" => "25" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Medical treatments of elderly French patients with type 2 diabetes: results at inclusion in The GERODIAB Cohort" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J.A. Doucet" 1 => "B. Bauduceau" 2 => "J.P. Le Floch" 3 => "C. Verny" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/fcp.12160" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Fundam Clin Pharmacol" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "30" "paginaInicial" => "76" "paginaFinal" => "81" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26478566" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 25 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0280" "etiqueta" => "26" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Relación del grado de control glucémico con las características de la diabetes y el tratamiento de la hiperglucemia en la diabetes tipo 2. Estudio DIABES" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Pérez" 1 => "J. Franch" 2 => "A. Cases" 3 => "J.R. González" 4 => "P. Conthe" 5 => "E. Gimeno" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Clin (Barc)" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "138" "paginaInicial" => "505" "paginaFinal" => "511" ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0285" "etiqueta" => "27" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Rates of complications and mortality in older patients with diabetes mellitus. The Diabetes and Aging Study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "E. Huang" 1 => "N. Laiteerapong" 2 => "J. Liu" 3 => "P. John" 4 => "H. Moffet" 5 => "A. Karter" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.12956" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA Intern Med" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "174" "paginaInicial" => "251" "paginaFinal" => "258" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24322595" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 27 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0290" "etiqueta" => "28" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalence and comorbidity of diabetes mellitus among non-institutionalized older adults in Germany-results of the national telephone health interview survey ‘German Health Update (GEDA)’ 2009" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "Y. Du" 1 => "C. Heidemann" 2 => "A. Gößwald" 3 => "P. Schmich" 4 => "C. Scheidt-Nave" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/1471-2458-13-166" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMC Public Health" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "13" "paginaInicial" => "166" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23433228" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 28 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0295" "etiqueta" => "29" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalence, incidence and concomitant co-morbidities of type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Western Germany. A retrospective cohort and case control study in claims data of a large statutory health insurance" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Boehme" 1 => "G. Buechele" 2 => "J. Frankenhauser-Mannuss" 3 => "J. Mueller" 4 => "D. Lump" 5 => "B.O. Boehm" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/s12889-015-2188-1" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMC Public Health" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "15" "paginaInicial" => "855" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26334523" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 29 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0300" "etiqueta" => "30" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Gender differences and patterns of cardiovascular risk factors in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a population-based analysis from a Scottish region" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "A. Collier" 1 => "S. Ghosh" 2 => "M. Hair" 3 => "N. Waugh" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/dme.12569" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Diabet Med" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "32" "paginaInicial" => "42" "paginaFinal" => "46" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25156218" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "agradecimientos" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "identificador" => "xack320286" "titulo" => "Acknowledgements" "texto" => "<p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors would like to thank Daniel Bordonaba Bosque of the Aragon Institute of Health Sciences for the statistical treatment of the data.</p> <p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors would also like to thank Dr. F. Javier Toledo Pallarés for correcting the abstract.</p> <p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Lastly, the authors would like to thank the researchers of the ESCADIANE study throughout Spain:</p> <p id="par0220" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Andalusia: M.D. Acosta González, L. Ávila Lachica, M.S. Cano García, E. Carretero Anibarro, S. Cobo Burgos, G. Fábrega Escolá, M. Fernández Baena, M.J. García Lozano, M. Garrido Redondo, L. Ginel Mendoza, M.<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">C</span>. Gómez García, A.M. Iranzo Luna, C. Losada Ruiz, G. Martín Montero, E. Requena Carrión, J. Pérez Verdugo, M. Ruiz Serrano, J. Vergara Martín, L. Velázquez Lupiáñez.</p> <p id="par0225" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Aragon: R. Ariza Ortín, L. Canta Castro, B. Chicote Abadía, P. Gil Orna, M.M. Gracia Tricas, M.S. Rascón Velázquez, F.J. Sangrós González, G. Sanz Rebollo, J. Torrecilla Conde, J.M. Millaruelo Trillo.</p> <p id="par0230" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Balearic Islands: E. Angullo Martínez, M. Segui Díaz.</p> <p id="par0235" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Canary Islands: S.M. Álvarez Hernández, L. Carrillo Fernández, J.A. Fernández.</p> <p id="par0240" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cantabria: J.M. Arnaiz de las Revillas.</p> <p id="par0245" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Castilla y León: J. Gamarra Ortiz, L.G. Sánchez Cabrero, M.A. Gutiérrez Almarza.</p> <p id="par0250" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Castilla La Mancha: L. Gómez González.</p> <p id="par0255" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Catalonia: J. Barrot de la Puente, B. Benito Badorrey, I. Bobe Molina, G. Cuatrecasas Cambra, J. Franch Nadal, M. Hidalgo Ortiz, G. Luna Redondo, M. Mata Cases, T. Mur Martí, M.A. Navarro Echeverría, P. Prats de la Iglesia, M. Rodero Nuño, I. Ruiz Tamayo.</p> <p id="par0260" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Extremadura: F. Carramiñana Barrera, D. Igual Fraile.</p> <p id="par0265" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Galicia: F.J. García Soidán, F. Malo García, A. Martínez Vidal.</p> <p id="par0270" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La Rioja: C. Babace Istúriz, J.L. Torres Baile.</p> <p id="par0275" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Madrid: S. Artola Menéndez, M.J. Bedoya Frutos, M.G. García Caro, M. Ibañez Brillas, R. López Palomar, P. Nogales Aguado, M.T. Rollán Landeras, C. Sala Arnaiz, R. Serrano Martín, M. Yanes Baonza.</p> <p id="par0280" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Murcia: B. Álvarez García, E. Granero Fernández, F. Hernández Menarguez, J. Martínez Candela.</p> <p id="par0285" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Navarra: L. Astrain Jaunsaras, P. Buil Cosiales, J. Díez Espino, L. Escriche Erviti, E. Fernández Clavero.</p> <p id="par0290" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Basque Country: P. Ezcurra Loiola.</p> <p id="par0295" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Valencia: M.D. Marco Macián, A. Salanova Peñalba.</p>" "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/22548874/0000021700000009/v1_201711281553/S2254887417301248/v1_201711281553/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "1901" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Original Articles" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/22548874/0000021700000009/v1_201711281553/S2254887417301248/v1_201711281553/en/main.pdf?idApp=WRCEE&text.app=https://revclinesp.es/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2254887417301248?idApp=WRCEE" ]
