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including societal reasons&#44; a lack of patient knowledge about the disease&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> the adverse effects of treatment and a treatment noncompliance&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> comorbidities<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> and patient frailty&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> There is therefore a pressing need to find healthcare models that not only seek to adjust the treatment to the guidelines but also address other important aspects such as pharmaceutical interventions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">These new strategies vary depending on the available resources and means and on the target to be addressed&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> There are models that involve follow-up by nursing with educational interventions&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> while others are based on facilitating access to specialists&#44; through telecardiology<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#8211;12</span></a> and videoconferencing with the primary care physician&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> although the expected objectives are not always achieved&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> Other interventions are based on conducting early visits after the emergency department admission<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> or structuring a series of combined visits between primary care and an HF expert through telemonitoring&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> Lastly&#44; there are more complex structures with the involvement of multidisciplinary teams in which the joint efforts of cardiologists&#44; internists&#44; geriatricians&#44; primary care physicians&#44; social workers&#44; nurses and dieticians enable a comprehensive approach for HF&#44; improving treatment compliance and reducing hospitalizations&#44; at the cost of greater complexity in providing the service&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#8211;19</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In Spain&#44; these structures have materialized into the HF Programs&#47;Units developed by the Spanish Society of Cardiology &#40;SEC&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20&#44;21</span></a> and in the Comprehensive Management Units for Patients with Heart Failure &#40;UMIPIC&#41; of the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine &#40;SEMI&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a> These models have shown improvements in the approach for patients with HF&#44; with treatment optimization&#44; reduced readmissions and reduced mortality&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0340"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#44;24</span></a> SEC and SEMI have developed a consensus document that recommends that all centers implement an HF program or unit adapted to the local characteristics&#44; with shared care between internal medicine and cardiology departments and with a portfolio of services&#44; structures&#44; human resources&#44; equipment and defined procedures&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0350"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although the recommendations state that patients with HF should be followed-up by an expert in this syndrome&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0355"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26&#8211;28</span></a> there are those that advocate limiting access to the specialized HF units to those patients who would truly benefit from specialized follow-up&#44; given the increasing prevalence of HF&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although multidisciplinary units are the model to which to aspire&#44; the center&#39;s organizational characteristics and available resources do not always allow for their creation in practice&#46; Less structured models for addressing HF should therefore be investigated&#46; We therefore decided to evaluate whether a simple care model for patients with HF&#44; based on follow-up in a specialized consultation &#40;HF-SC&#41;&#44; could improve the prognosis and treatment compliance based on the evidence&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Patients and methods</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We conducted a retrospective observational study that analyzed data from patients followed-up in a specialized consultation&#44; after hospitalization for decompensated HF in the Department of Internal Medicine of the Clinic Hospital Lozano Blesa&#46; The inclusion period covered June 2010 to October 2015&#46; The patients were referred to the consultation taking into account exclusively the clinical judgment of the specialist who treated the patient during the index hospitalization&#46; Any physician in the internal medicine department may&#44; at their discretion&#44; request follow-up in the HF-SC&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The consultation is attended by 5 internal medicine specialists especially&#44; although not exclusively&#44; dedicated to HF&#44; as well as a nurse partially dedicated to HF&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The review protocol after discharge includes a visit at 1&#44; 3&#44; 6 and 12 months&#44; at which point the patients are discharged from the consultation for check-ups at their health center&#46; Visits are also conducted outside the scheduled visits&#44; depending on the symptoms&#46; Given that the schedule is managed exclusively by the physician&#44; the patient is provided with the next appointment in each visit and has the option of calling the physician if necessary&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Evidence-based drug prescription is started during the index hospitalization&#46; The titration to the maximum tolerated dosage is conducted during the 1-month and 3-month visits after the discharge&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">During the hospitalization&#44; data were collected on the treatments prior to hospitalization and those prescribed at discharge&#46; During each visit&#44; we recorded the functional class&#44; comorbidities&#44; laboratory tests and updated treatment with the dosage change and the additional tests &#40;electrocardiogram and chest radiography&#41;&#46; We also recorded the hospitalizations and emergency department visits without hospitalization &#40;for HF or for other causes&#41; during the year prior to the index hospitalization and the first year of follow-up&#46;</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Statistical method</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We performed a descriptive analysis using the statistical package SPSS 22&#46;0&#44; considering the 2 consecutive periods of 1 year&#44; before and after the index hospitalization&#46; When describing the sample&#44; we employed the mean and standard deviation for normal quantitative variables and the median and interquartile range for the non-normal variables and percentages for the categorical variables&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To compare the qualitative variables&#44; we employed the chi-squared test&#46; For the quantitative variables&#44; we employed the Wilcoxon test and Student&#39;s <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span>-test for those with a normal distribution&#46; For those with a non-normal distribution&#44; we used the McNemar test &#40;related categorical variables&#41; and Wilcoxon test &#40;related quantitative variables&#41;&#46; To confirm these hypotheses&#44; we employed the Kolmogorov&#8211;Smirnov test and the Levene test for the homogeneity of variances&#46; The level of statistical significance was <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Results</span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Baseline data</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We included 250 patients between the ages of 44 and 92 years &#40;mean&#44; 79&#46;64&#59; standard deviation&#44; 8&#46;08 years&#41;&#44; with 136 men &#40;54&#46;40&#37;&#41; and 114 women &#40;45&#46;60&#37;&#41;&#46; The patients&#8217; characteristics are listed in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#tbl0005">Tables 1 and 2</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Emergency department visits and hospitalizations</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The mean number of HF-SC visits was 3&#44; with a median of 4 visits&#46; The total number of visits for the 250 patients was 862&#46; Seven patients died during the follow-up&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The total number of hospitalizations during the year prior to their inclusion in the HF-SC was 439 &#40;328 &#91;74&#46;71&#37;&#93; due to HF and 111 &#91;25&#46;29&#37;&#93; due to other causes&#41;&#46; During the year after the follow-up&#44; these patients were admitted 235 times&#44; 143 due to HF &#40;60&#46;85&#37;&#41; and 92 due to other causes &#40;39&#46;15&#37;&#41;&#46; The reduction in hospitalizations was 56&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;001&#41; for HF and 46&#37; for all causes &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;001&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The total number of emergency department visits prior to inclusion was 674&#44; 373 &#40;55&#46;34&#37;&#41; and 301 &#40;44&#46;66&#37;&#41; of which were due to HF and other causes&#44; respectively&#46; The total number of emergency department visits during the subsequent year was 406&#44; 144 &#40;35&#46;46&#37;&#41; and 262 &#40;64&#46;57&#37;&#41; of which were due to HF and other causes&#44; respectively&#46; The reduction in emergency department visits was 61&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;001&#41; for HF and 40&#37; &#37; for all causes &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;001&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Changes in the drug treatment profile</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although the analysis of the emergency department visits and hospitalizations was performed for all 250 patients followed-up in the HF-SC&#44; not all patients had a record of the therapeutic information&#46; With this limitation in mind&#44; we present the data for the 3 follow-up time points&#46; The first time point was prior to the index hospitalization in the internal medicine ward &#40;data from 240 patients&#44; loss of 10 patients due to lack of data in the medical history&#41;&#46; The second time point was at discharge from the internal medicine ward &#40;data from 245 patients&#44; loss of 2 due to death and 3 due to lack of data&#41;&#46; The third time point was at 1 year of follow-up by HF-SC &#40;therapeutic data available from 218 patients due to the death of 7 patients and the loss of data from 25 patients due to failure to record the variable during the consultation&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a> and <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There was a progressive increase in the prescription of beta blockers &#40;BB&#41; &#40;going from 30&#37; at admission to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">72&#46;9&#37;</span>&#41; and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors &#40;ACEI&#41; or angiotensin-2 receptor blockers &#40;ARB&#41; &#40;going from 54&#46;6&#37; at admission to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">83&#46;5&#37;</span> after completing 1 year of follow-up&#41;&#46; In terms of the combination of ACEI or ARB with BB&#44; there was an increase from 20&#37; at admission to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">60&#46;1&#37;</span> at 1 year&#46; For aldosterone receptor antagonists combined with ACEI or ARB and BB&#44; the prescription increased from 3&#46;3&#37; at admission to 22&#37; at 1 year&#46; The changes in the prescription rate at 1 year of follow-up were all statistically significant &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#41;&#46; There was also a significant reduction in the use of calcium antagonists&#44; going from <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">30&#46;4&#37;</span> to <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">4&#46;1&#37;</span> after completing the first year of follow-up in HF-SC &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;0005&#41;&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Discussion</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">If we compare the data from our series with those of the BADAPIC registry<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> &#40;patients followed-up by cardiology departments&#41;&#44; our patients had a higher mean age &#40;79&#46;6 vs&#46; 66 years&#41;&#46; The etiology varied but was predominantly ischemic in the cardiology patients and hypertensive in our series&#46; For patients diagnosed with chronic HF and followed-up by primary care &#40;CARDIOPRES study&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> the comorbidities are more similar to those of our series&#44; with arterial hypertension the most common &#40;84&#46;3&#37; in the CARDIOPRES series and 74&#46;4&#37; in ours&#41;&#46; In terms of other comorbidities &#40;diabetes mellitus&#44; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease&#44; renal failure&#44; etc&#46;&#41;&#44; the rates for our cohort were similar to those of international registries&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0375"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a> Our patients&#8217; functional class was similar to that of the BADAPIC registry and the 2013 Polish registry by Wizner et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> with patients in follow-up by primary care and 82&#37; presenting arterial hypertension&#46; In contrast&#44; there was a difference in the rates of atrial fibrillation&#59; in our case&#44; the rate was 64&#46;4&#37;&#44; compared with 50&#46;3&#37; for the Polish series&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0380"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a> 29&#37; for BADAPIC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0365"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a> and 39&#37; for CARDIOPRESS&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0370"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> If we compare our patients with those of the REDINSCOR and RICA registries&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0385"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a> our series is more similar to that of the RICA registry in age &#40;79&#46;6 vs&#46; 78&#46;9 years&#41;&#44; hypertensive etiology &#40;42&#37;&#41;&#44; comorbidities and presence of atrial fibrillation&#44; with a notably higher NT-proBNP concentration in the patients of the RICA series&#44; probably due to the time at which the sample was collected&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In terms of visits and hospitalizations&#44; the improvement in our series allows us to compare it with other studies with more complex strategies&#46; A meta-analysis of 16 studies on follow-up strategies with multidisciplinary teams<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> included 3999 patients and found a reduction in the combined endpoint of readmissions and mortality&#44; in follow-ups longer than 3 months &#40;odds ratio&#44; 0&#46;58&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;0003&#41;&#46; However&#44; the meta-analysis found no benefit in the follow-ups shorter than 3 months or among the patients without a recent hospitalization for decompensated HF&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> The study by Pacho et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0390"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a> showed that a specific early consultation after discharge &#40;at 7 days&#41;&#44; along with 3 visits during the first month&#44; reduced readmissions at 30 days for elderly and frail patients&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Not all models based on a follow-up in a specialized consultation have shown an improvement&#46; In the study by Larochelle et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0395"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34</span></a> specialized follow-up showed superiority to primary care follow-up in only reducing the number of emergency department visits of patients with chronic airflow obstruction&#46; There were also no positive results in the specialized follow-up of patients who require palliative care and experience an episode of acute HF&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0400"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">35</span></a> Similarly&#44; strategies consisting of financially penalizing hospitals with more readmissions at 30 days &#40;115&#44;000 patients in the United States&#41; demonstrated efficacy in reducing readmissions at 1 month and at 1 year but with an increase in annual mortality&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0405"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">36&#44;37</span></a></p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Lastly&#44; there are strategies that have achieved favorable results&#46; Atienza et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> achieved a 16&#37; reduction in readmissions using a structured follow-up that combined the cardiology and primary care departments with telemonitoring&#46; Morcillo et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> in a group of 34 patients compared with a control group&#44; achieved reductions in emergency department visits and hospitalizations of 84&#46;2&#37; and 90&#46;6&#37;&#44; respectively&#44; using a strategy based on an educational program&#46; The model of comprehensive care units&#44; such as UMIPIC&#44; have demonstrated equally positive results&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a> The reduction in overall hospitalizations and HF hospitalizations was 75&#37; and 85&#37;&#44; respectively&#46; The emergency department visits decreased 53&#46;9&#37; for any cause and 72&#46;8&#37; for HF&#46; Lup&#243;n et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0415"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">38</span></a> demonstrated that follow-up by a multidisciplinary unit decreased hospitalizations by 49&#37; in the first year&#46; Lastly&#44; consultations with the cardiologist during the emergency care have been shown to reduce costs and are linked to reduced hospitalizations by providing better information and follow-up&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0420"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">39</span></a></p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">One of the advantages of follow-up in a specific consultation is treatment optimization&#44; improving the use of drugs that reduce morbidity and mortality and reducing the use of those drugs that&#44; a priori&#44; are neutral or can worsen the prognosis&#44; as has been our clinical experience&#46; Between the index hospitalization and the end of the first year of follow-up&#44; the prescription rates for BB&#44; ACEI or ARA and ARM increased significantly&#44; while that for calcium antagonists decreased&#46; Our results in the HF-SC on the percentage use of drugs with scientific evidence in the treatment of HF exceeded those of a national study on the outpatient treatment of HF performed by cardiologists in 2001&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0425"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a> with prescription rates for BB&#44; ACEI and ARB of 47&#37;&#44; 77&#37; and 16&#46;1&#37;&#44; respectively&#46; We did not reach the percentages recorded in the FUTURE study&#44; which followed-up 1408 patients&#46; The study observed an increase &#40;from discharge to the cardiologist consultation&#41; in the use of BB from 71&#37; to 74&#37; and in the use of ACEI or ARB from 82&#37; to 83&#37;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0430"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">41&#44;42</span></a> These differences could be due to the fact that most of the FUTURE study patients had systolic dysfunction and had fewer comorbidities than our patients&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There is still the unanswered question as to whether there is room for improvement in drug prescriptions<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> and whether these rates are maintained in the long-term once the intervention has been completed&#46; In an observational study in France &#40;2009&#41;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0440"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">43</span></a> at 2 years from the first hospitalization for HF&#44; the use of BB and ACE or ARB was 40&#37; and 60&#37;&#44; respectively&#46; At 30 days of discharge&#44; the rates were 54&#37; and 67&#37;&#44; respectively&#44; demonstrating that&#44; during the follow-up&#44; the percentage of patients with optimal treatment decreases without reinforcement strategies&#46; These findings were similar to those of the study by Ojeda et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0445"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">44</span></a> in which the prescription of BB and spironolactone decreased once the follow-up had been completed&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We also need to define the patient profile that has highest readmission and emergency department visit rates to intensify our efforts with this group&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0450"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45</span></a></p><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Limitations</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This was a single-center study with a relatively small sample&#59; however&#44; it was representative of the type of patient treated for HF in the internal medicine departments of Spain&#46; The degree of dependence was not assessed systematically in the included population&#46; The authors assume a potential patient selection bias because many patients with dementia or advanced dependence&#44; especially from more distant rural environments&#44; refuse follow-up&#46; Nevertheless&#44; this potential bias does not change our interpretation of the results because the same population was compared for the year before and the year after the inclusion in the follow-up&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Conclusions</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">HF is the main cause of hospitalization in internal medicine departments and continues to have a high rate of readmissions and mortality&#46; There are numerous follow-up models with greater or lesser structure&#44; with highly disparate results&#46; In our experience&#44; a very simple model based on a follow-up in a specialized consultation by especially dedicated personnel has been shown to be highly effective in optimizing treatment and reducing emergency department visits and readmissions&#46; If these results are duplicated in other centers&#44; the lack of means and more sophisticated facilities specifically designed for HF should not be an obstacle to implementing postdischarge specialized clinics&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Background</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure &#40;HF&#41;&#44; the condition still has high morbidity and mortality&#46; Health education and the treatment of comorbidities have been shown to be effective&#44; as has multidisciplinary care in specialized units&#44; although this involves organizational and structural efforts that are not always feasible&#46; We present the results of a simple outpatient consultation&#44; focused on the specialized care of HF&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Patients and methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The consultation included patients discharged after hospitalization &#40;index hospitalization&#41; for decompensated HF from an internal medicine department&#46; The follow-up was conducted by internists especially dedicated &#40;not exclusively&#41; to HF and a nurse partially dedicated to HF&#46; The follow-up consisted of fixed visits 1&#44; 3&#44; 6 and 12 months after the discharge&#44; with more visits on demand if needed&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A total of 250 patients were included with a minimum follow-up of 1 year&#46; The reduction in hospitalisations and emergency department visits was 56&#37; and 61&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05&#41;&#44; respectively&#44; for HF and 46&#37; and 40&#37; &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05&#41;&#44; respectively&#44; for any cause&#46; Treatment optimization was also achieved&#44; with a significant increase in the evidence-based drug prescription rate and the reduction of other drugs&#44; such as calcium antagonists&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A simple model based on a specialized care consultation for HF is effective in reducing readmissions and optimizing the treatment&#46; The lack of healthcare resources should not be an obstacle for specialized care for patients with HF&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0005"
            "titulo" => "Background"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0010"
            "titulo" => "Patients and methods"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0015"
            "titulo" => "Results"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0020"
            "titulo" => "Conclusion"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Introducci&#243;n</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A pesar de los avances en el diagn&#243;stico y el tratamiento&#44; la insuficiencia cardiaca &#40;IC&#41; sigue teniendo una alta morbimortalidad&#46; El tratamiento de las comorbilidades y la educaci&#243;n sanitaria se han demostrado eficaces&#44; as&#237; como la atenci&#243;n multidisciplinar&#44; en unidades especializadas&#44; aunque ello implica un esfuerzo organizativo y estructural no siempre disponible&#46; Presentamos los resultados de una consulta ambulatoria simple&#44; centrada en la atenci&#243;n monogr&#225;fica a la IC&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Pacientes y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La consulta incluy&#243; a pacientes dados de alta tras una hospitalizaci&#243;n &#40;ingreso &#237;ndice&#41; por descompensaci&#243;n de IC en el servicio de Medicina Interna&#46; El seguimiento se realiz&#243; por internistas con especial dedicaci&#243;n &#40;no exclusiva&#41; en IC y una enfermera con dedicaci&#243;n compartida&#46; El seguimiento consisti&#243; en visitas fijas 1&#44; 3&#44; 6 y 12 meses tras el alta&#44; m&#225;s visitas a demanda en caso de necesidad&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se incluy&#243; a 250 pacientes con un seguimiento m&#237;nimo de un a&#241;o&#46; La disminuci&#243;n de los ingresos y las visitas a Urgencias por IC fue del 56 y el 61&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#41;&#44; respectivamente&#44; y del 46 y el 40&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#41; por cualquier causa&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; se consigui&#243; una optimizaci&#243;n del tratamiento&#44; con un aumento significativo en el porcentaje de prescripci&#243;n de f&#225;rmacos basados en la evidencia y reducci&#243;n de otros&#44; como calcioantagonistas&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Un modelo sencillo basado en la atenci&#243;n monogr&#225;fica a la IC es eficaz en la reducci&#243;n de reingresos y la optimizaci&#243;n del tratamiento&#46; La carencia de recursos asistenciales no deber&#237;a suponer un obst&#225;culo para una atenci&#243;n monogr&#225;fica a pacientes con IC&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0025"
            "titulo" => "Introducci&#243;n"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0030"
            "titulo" => "Pacientes y m&#233;todos"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0035"
            "titulo" => "Resultados"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0040"
            "titulo" => "Conclusi&#243;n"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; Amores B&#44; Josa C&#44; Garc&#233;s Horna V&#44; S&#225;nchez M&#44; Samp&#233;riz Legarre P&#44; Ruiz F&#44; et al&#46; Resultados del seguimiento en una consulta monogr&#225;fica tras el alta por insuficiencia cardiaca&#46; Rev Clin Esp&#46; 2020&#59;220&#58;323&#8211;330&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:5 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1429
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            "Tamanyo" => 131572
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Reduction in the number of emergency department visits and hospitalizations between the year before and the year after the inclusion in the consultation&#46;</p> <p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviation</span>&#58; HF&#44; heart failure&#46;</p> <p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;05&#46;</p>"
        ]
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      1 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1480
            "Ancho" => 1528
            "Tamanyo" => 96096
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        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Changes in the drug prescription rates before and after the inclusion in the consultation&#46;</p> <p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviations</span>&#58; ARB&#44; angiotensin II receptor blocker&#59; BB&#44; beta-blocker&#59; MRA&#44; mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist&#46;</p> <p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;001 admission-discharge&#46;</p> <p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#42;&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;001 discharge-year&#46;</p> <p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#42;&#42;&#42;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#46;001 admission-year&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at1"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0090" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviations</span>&#58; AHT&#44; arterial hypertension&#59; COPD&#44; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease&#59; LVEF&#44; left ventricular ejection fraction&#59; NYHA&#44; New York Heart Association&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t">250 &#40;100&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Women</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">114 &#40;45&#46;60&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Baseline NYHA class</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">29 &#40;11&#46;60&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">156 &#40;62&#46;40&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>III&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">63 &#40;25&#46;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>IV&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;0&#46;80&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>LVEF &#62;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">130 &#40;52&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>LVEF &#60;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">120 &#40;48&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">58 &#40;23&#46;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AHT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">105 &#40;42&#46;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Mitral valve disease&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">22 &#40;8&#46;80&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Aortic valve disease&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">21 &#40;8&#46;40&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>COPD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Alcoholism&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;1&#46;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">65 &#40;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>COPD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">72 &#40;28&#46;80&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>AHT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">186 &#40;74&#46;40&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Atrial fibrillation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">161 &#40;64&#46;40&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Diabetes mellitus&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">84 &#40;33&#46;60&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Renal failure&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">90 &#40;36&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anemia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">75 &#40;30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2531999.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Epidemiological characteristics of the included population&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at2"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0100" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviations</span>&#58; BMI&#44; body mass index&#59; bpm&#44; beats per minute&#59; DBP&#44; diastolic blood pressure&#59; HR&#44; heart rate&#59; LA&#44; left atrium&#59; LV&#44; left ventricle&#59; LVEF&#44; left ventricular ejection fraction&#59; NT-proBNP&#44; aminoterminal fraction of the brain natriuretic peptide&#59; SBP&#44; systolic blood pressure&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Clinical data&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Mean or median &#40;standard deviation or interquartile range&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Age&#44; years&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">79&#46;64 &#40;8&#46;087&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BMI&#44; kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">29&#46;29 &#40;5&#46;660&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">SBP&#44; mm Hg&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">138&#46;17 &#40;30&#46;855&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">DBP&#44; mm Hg&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">74&#46;04 &#40;14&#46;717&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">HR&#44; bpm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">87&#46;77 &#40;23&#46;503&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">NT-proBNP&#44; pg&#47;mL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5310&#46;09 &#40;5876&#46;337&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Hemoglobin&#44; g&#47;dL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12&#46;28 &#40;2&#46;044&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Creatinine&#44; mg&#47;dL&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;26 &#40;0&#46;661&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sodium&#44; mEq&#47;L&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">141&#46;93 &#40;3&#46;899&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">LVEF&#44; &#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">51&#46;33 &#40;23&#46;503&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">LA diameter&#44; mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">49&#46;0 &#40;10&#46;992&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">LV mass index&#44; g&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">120&#46;54 &#40;44&#46;253&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2531998.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0095" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Baseline clinical&#44; laboratory and echocardiographic characteristics&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      4 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at3"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0110" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Abbreviations</span>&#58; ACEI&#44; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors&#59; ARB&#44; angiotensin-receptor blockers&#59; BB&#44; beta-blocker&#59; MRA&#44; mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Drugs&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Hospitalization&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>240&#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Discharge&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>245&#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Year&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">n</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>218&#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#40;admission-discharge&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#40;discharge-year&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span> &#40;admission-year&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">72 &#40;30&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">126 &#40;51&#46;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">159 &#40;72&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;025&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">ACEI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">67 &#40;27&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">ARB II&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">ACEI or ARB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">MRA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">ACEI or ARB<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>BB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">ACEI or ARB<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>BB<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MRA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Loop diuretic&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Thiazide&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">34 &#40;13&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">20 &#40;9&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;424&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Anticoagulant&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">119 &#40;49&#46;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">154 &#40;62&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">170 &#40;78&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Antiplatelet&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">66 &#40;27&#46;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">69 &#40;28&#46;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">61 &#40;28&#46;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;720&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;489&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#46;405&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Statins&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">64 &#40;26&#46;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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Original article
DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2019.08.008
Follow-up results in a specialized consultation after discharge for heart failure
Resultados del seguimiento en una consulta monográfica tras el alta por insuficiencia cardiaca
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B. Amores Arriagaa,b,c,
Corresponding author
amoresarriaga@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, C. Josa Laordena,b,c, V. Garcés Hornaa,b, M. Sánchez Martelesa,b,c, P. Sampériz Legarrea,b, F. Ruiz Laiglesiaa,b,c, J. Rubio Graciaa,b,c, R. Torres Cabreroc, M. Nadal Iborc, J.I. Pérez Calvoa,b,c
a Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
b Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
c Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

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