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Vol. 222. Issue 6.
Pages 313-320 (June - July 2022)
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Vol. 222. Issue 6.
Pages 313-320 (June - July 2022)
Original article
Influencing variables on total and free 25(OH)D levels in healthy population
Variables influyentes en los niveles de 25(OH)D total y libre en población sana
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M. Fernández-Vicentea,
Corresponding author
, A. Miján-de-la-Torreb, J.C. Vella-Ramírezc, E. Martí-Bonmatíd, V.V. Benito-Ibáñeza, R. Martínez-de-Arribae
a Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital Santos Reyes, Aranda de Duero, Burgos, Spain
b Servicio de Medicina Interna, Unidad de Nutrición Clínica, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
c Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
d Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital General Universitario Valencia, Valencia, Spain
e Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital Santiago Apóstol, Miranda de Ebro, Burgos, Spain
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Figures (1)
Tables (4)
Table 1. Maximum and minimum temperatures and mean monthly hours of sunlight recorded in Burgos and Valencia in the study periods according to AEMET data.
Table 2. Levels of total and free 25(OH)D in Burgos and Valencia, classified by moment of sample collection. Number of subjects in the most used sufficiency classification based on total serum 25(OH)D concentrations.
Table 3. Analysis of differences between populations and seasons for both analytes.
Table 4. Concentrations of total and free 25(OH)D in our study population and that of the work by Aloia et al.14.
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Abstract
Introduction

Vitamin D plays a fundamental role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. It mainly comes from cutaneous synthesis through the action of sunlight. Therefore, variations in exposure to this radiation modify serum levels. We studied two different analytes of vitamin D in the healthy Spanish population and the influence of seasonality, climate, and latitude on its levels.

Methods

This work is a cross-sectional, descriptive study. A total of 206 blood donors from Burgos and Valencia between 18–60 years of age were recruited during March-April and October-November 2018. Total and free serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D) were analyzed.

Results

After summer, total and free serum 25(OH)D medium levels were 24.31 ± 5.25 ng/mL and 5.01 ± 1.25 pg/mL in Burgos and 25.99 ± 6.87 ng/mL and 8.97 ± 2.82 pg/mL in Valencia. After winter, they were 17.66 ± 5.04 ng/mL and 4.08 ± 0.66 ng/mL in Burgos and 21.38 ± 3.77 ng/mL and 7.23 ± 2.44 ng/mL in Valencia. The seasonal changes were statistically significant for both components studied both in the sample as a whole and in the separate populations. The differences found between the two populations in total and free 25(OH)D levels were statistically significant except for total 25(OH)D after summer (24.07 ng/mL vs. 26.03 ng/mL; p = .408). Latitude was also shown to be a factor that influences concentrations of both analytes in summer and winter.

Conclusions

Our study shows lower vitamin D levels than expected for a healthy Spanish population. Seasonality, climate, and latitude were demonstrated to influence total and free 25(OH)D levels.

Keywords:
Total 25-hydroxyvitamin D
Free 25-hydroxyvitamin D
Deficiency
Seasons
Latitude
Resumen
Introducción

La vitamina D ejerce un papel fundamental en la homeostasis del calcio y el metabolismo óseo. Procede, mayoritariamente, de la síntesis cutánea, por acción de la luz solar. Así, variaciones en la exposición a esta radiación modifican sus niveles séricos. Estudiamos dos analitos diferentes de vitamina D en población sana española, y la influencia de la estacionalidad, el clima y la latitud en sus estatus.

Métodos

Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se incluyeron 206 donantes de sangre de Burgos y Valencia de 18–60 años durante marzo-abril y octubre-noviembre de 2018. Se analizaron las concentraciones séricas de 25-hidroxicolecalciferol (25(OH)D) total y libre.

Resultados

Las concentraciones medias de 25(OH)D total y libre tras el verano en Burgos fueron: 24,31 ± 5,25 ng/mL y 5,01 ± 1,25 pg/mL; y en Valencia: 25,99 ± 6,87 ng/mL y 8,97 ± 2,82 pg/mL. Tras el invierno, los resultados en Burgos fueron: 17,66 ± 5,04 ng/mL y 4,08 ± 0,66 pg/mL, y en Valencia: 21,38 ± 3,77 ng/mL y 7,23 ± 2,44 pg/mL. Los cambios estacionales resultaron estadísticamente significativos para los dos componentes estudiados, tanto de manera global como en ambas poblaciones por separado. Las diferencias poblacionales en los niveles de 25(OH)D total y libre resultaron estadísticamente significativas, excepto en 25(OH)D total tras el verano (24,07 ng/mL vs. 26,03 ng/mL; p = 0,408). La latitud también demostró ser un factor influyente en las concentraciones de ambos analitos, en verano e invierno.

Conclusiones

Nuestro estudio refleja niveles de vitamina D más bajos de lo esperable tratándose de población sana española. Se demuestra la influencia de la estacionalidad, el clima y la latitud en los niveles de 25(OH)D total y 25(OH)D libre.

Palabras clave:
25-hidroxivitamina D total
25-hidroxivitamina D libre
Deficiencia
Estaciones
Latitud

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